New and restored entries

1204 new entries edited from material collected for the archive, 25 entries restored from earlier releases, and 168 existing entries with added material.

• analysis/additive.partitionCan the set of positive reals be partitioned into two nonempty sets, both of which are closed under addition? New
• analysis/alternating.seriesGive a concise proof that, asymptotically as n grows, New
• analysis/buridanA driver leaves home and drives along a road with a railway crossing, and a train will pass the crossing at some time. New
• analysis/cacheCache and Ferry (How far can a truck go in a desert?) A pick-up truck in the desert gets 10 miles per... Added material
• analysis/calculate.piHow can I calculate many digits of pi? Added material
• analysis/cauchy.completenessCan the monotone convergence theorem (every bounded monotone sequence of real numbers has a limit) be... New
• analysis/cylinderA right circular cylindrical container with a closed top is to be constructed with a fixed surface area. New
• analysis/dogA body of soldiers form a 50m-by-50m square ABCD on the parade ground. Added material
• analysis/goatA goat grazes on a circular meadow, its tail is tacked to a stake of the fence - What's the length of the... Added material
• analysis/integral.kernelIf f and g are positive continuous functions on [0,1], k is a positive continuous kernel on [0,1]x[0,1],... New
• analysis/matrix.exponentialHow do you compute the exponential exp(B) of a matrix B? New
• analysis/multiple.regressionHow should one compute a multiple linear regression, which amounts to solving a symmetric system of... New
• analysis/nested.square.rootsWhat is the value of x = sqrt( 2 + sqrt( 2 + sqrt( 2 + sqrt( 2 + ...))))? New
• analysis/pig.and.farmerA pig runs from one corner of a square pen toward the gate at an adjacent corner while the farmer, starting... New
• analysis/point.nine.repeatingIs 0.999... (nines repeating forever) equal to 1? New
• analysis/quaternionsCan every polynomial with quaternion coefficients be factored into linear factors? New
• analysis/rubberbandA bug walks down a rubber band which is attached to a wall at one end and a car moving away from the wall at the other end. Added material
• analysis/snowSnow starts falling before noon on a cold December day. Added material
• analysis/step.functionThe function f is defined on the integers in the range 0..100 by the rule: New
• analysis/surreal.numbersWhat are Conway's surreal numbers, and how do they make things such as 1/infinity rigorous? New
• analysis/towerR = N ^ (N ^ (N ^ ...)). Added material
• analysis/two.to.one.functionIs it possible to construct a function f(x) which maps the closed interval [0,1] to [0,1] such that any... New
• analysis/well.orderingSet theory says (using the Axiom of Choice) that every set can be well ordered; how can that be, when the... New
• analysis/functional/minus.xIdentify a real valued function f(x) which has the property for all real x that f(f(x)) = -x. New
• arithmetic/7-11A customer at a 7-11 store selected four items to buy, and was told that the cost was $7.11. Added material
• arithmetic/aliquot.sequencesIn an aliquot chain one starts with a number, calculates the sum of its proper divisors, and repeats the process on the result. New
• arithmetic/coconutsFive sailors collect a pile of coconuts; in the night each in turn divides the pile into five, gives the... New
• arithmetic/collatzStart with any positive integer x; if it is even, replace it by x/2, if odd by 3x+1, and repeat. New
• arithmetic/consecutive.p2qNumbers of the form (p^2)q, p and q different primes, are "special". New
• arithmetic/conwayDescribe the sequence a(1)=a(2)=1, a(n) = a(a(n-1)) + a(n-a(n-1)) for n>2. Added material
• arithmetic/count.one.bitsCount the number of ones in a binary number using as few instructions as possible. New
• arithmetic/dogs.mice.catsA dog costs $15, four mice cost $1 and a cat costs $1. New
• arithmetic/drawing.pixelsA computer draws a horizontal line 128 pixels long in n seconds with the command "Plot 0,0 128,0 n". New
• arithmetic/egyptian.fractionCan you represent 36/457 as a sum of different fractions with numerator 1? New
• arithmetic/egyptian.fractionsExpress 36/457 as a sum of distinct unit fractions (fractions with numerator 1). New
• arithmetic/element.alphameticEach of the 26 letters has a secret numerical value, and the value of a word is the sum of the values of its letters. New
• arithmetic/factoring.recordWhat is the largest number factored by a general purpose algorithm, and how was it done? New
• arithmetic/fermat.numbersWhat factors are known of the Fermat numbers F_n = 2^(2^n) + 1? New
• arithmetic/feynman.fermatIs there a probabilistic argument that Fermat's Last Theorem is true? New
• arithmetic/five.five.fiveMake the equation 5+5+5=550 true by adding just a single straight line. New
• arithmetic/four.squaresFind integers a, b such that a+45b, a+5b, a+15b and a-3b are all squares. New
• arithmetic/fourth.powersEuler conjectured in 1769 that a^4 + b^4 + c^4 = d^4 has no solutions in positive integers. New
• arithmetic/goldbachWhat is known about Goldbach's conjecture, that every even integer greater than 4 is the sum of two odd... New
• arithmetic/grandpa.sonsWhen Grandpa was over fifty but less than eighty, he told to a friend: "each of my sons has as many sons as... New
• arithmetic/highly.compositeWhich numbers n have more divisors than any smaller number, and how large is the number of divisors d(n)... New
• arithmetic/house.numbersA street has between 50 and 500 houses numbered 1, 2, 3, ..., N, and there is a house X such that the sum... New
• arithmetic/integral.rootsWhat is the second smallest integer with integral third, fourth and fifth roots? New
• arithmetic/irrational.powerCan you prove that there is at least one instance where an irrational number raised to an irrational power... New
• arithmetic/knapsacksOn the last day of his vacation, a man goes into a gift shop to buy presents for his grandchildren. New
• arithmetic/largest.non.mersenne.primeWhat is the largest prime integer known to man that is NOT one less than a power of two? New
• arithmetic/lockersThere are 100 closed lockers in a row, numbered 1 to 100, and 100 students. New
• arithmetic/mad.veterinarianA mad veterinarian has created three animal transmogrifying machines. New
• arithmetic/magic.hexagramThe Magic Hexagon New
• arithmetic/magic.squaresAre there large squares, containing only consecutive integers, all of whose rows, columns and diagonals have the same sum? Added material
• arithmetic/max.ageMax discovered that if he subtracted 7 from his age and multiplied it by 7, he got the same answer as... New
• arithmetic/mersenne.primesWhat Mersenne primes 2^p - 1 are known, and when, how and by whom was each one found? New
• arithmetic/negative.baseHow much is 7 in base (-1)? New
• arithmetic/nth.primeThe 1st prime is 2, the 10th prime is 29, the 100th prime is 541, the 1000th prime is 7919, the 10000th... New
• arithmetic/perfect.numbersWhat are all [ Editor: "Can you determine all" in the original ] the "perfect" numbers between 1 and 1,000,000? New
• arithmetic/periodic.recurrenceCan a non-trivial integer sequence in which each element is the sum of the k previous elements be periodic? New
• arithmetic/prime.magic.squareIs there a 3x3 magic square made up of nine different prime numbers? New
• arithmetic/prime.products.setShow that there exists a set A of positive integers with the following property: for every infinite set S... New
• arithmetic/prime.seriesHere is a number series: 41, 43, 47, 53, ... New
• arithmetic/prime.square.sumFind all solutions in integers to a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = d^2, where a, b and d are prime. New
• arithmetic/product.of.powersFind rational numbers a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j such that: New
• arithmetic/pythagorean.odd.legsIs it possible to construct a right triangle with integer sides having both of the legs odd integers? New
• arithmetic/ratio.64.7The product of some of the numbers 1 to 10 was divided by the product of the remaining numbers. New
• arithmetic/rational.rootsShow that an n-th root of an integer is either an integer or irrational. New
• arithmetic/remainder.one.lessWhat number, if divided by 10, leaves a remainder of 9; then divided by 9 leaves a remainder of 8; divided... New
• arithmetic/repeated.integersCome up with the general formula for the n-th term of the following sequence: New
• arithmetic/seven.unit.fractionsFind seven different unit fractions whose sum is 1. New
• arithmetic/snails.crossingA family of snails takes one hour to cross a lawn, from the time that the first snail puts its 'nose' onto... New
• arithmetic/square.productsProve that for any three positive integers a, b, c such that the product of any two is one less than a square, New
• arithmetic/square.progression.chainIt is not uncommon to find a triple of integers whose squares are in arithmetic progression, e.g. New
• arithmetic/square.root.partitionSplit the square roots of 1, 2, 3, ..., 49, 50 into two groups so that the difference between the sums of... New
• arithmetic/sum.of.two.primesIs every even number greater than 2 the sum of two primes? New
• arithmetic/taxicabIs 1729 the only number that is the sum of two cubes in two different ways? New
• arithmetic/tenth.root.of.tenWhich is larger, the tenth root of ten or the cube root of two? New
• arithmetic/three.n.plus.oneWhat is a good reference on the 3N+1 problem? New
• arithmetic/titanic.primesWhat are the known titanic primes (primes with at least 1000 decimal digits) that are not Mersenne primes? New
• arithmetic/trampsFour tramps divide 200 hours of work so that each works a different number of hours a day, for as many days as he works hours a day. New
• arithmetic/truncated.multiplicationGiven a function h on {0,1,...,m}, is it a composition of "truncated multiplications" f(x) = floor(x*n)... New
• arithmetic/two.squares.odd.powerHow many solutions are there to a^2 + b^2 = c^5 for integers a, b, c? New
• arithmetic/upside.down.magic.squareUsing the sixteen two-digit numbers made from the digits 1, 6, 8 and 9 (11, 16, 18, 19, 61, 66, 68, 69, 81,... New
• arithmetic/clock/adjacent.ticksAt what times of day is the hour hand of a clock pointing precisely at a minute tick-mark and the minute... New
• arithmetic/clock/christmas.dayProve that the probability that Christmas in a random year will fall on a Wednesday is not 1/7. New
• arithmetic/clock/swapped.handsA school clock is showing the wrong time, but the teacher says, "It's wrong now, but it is right 11 times a... New
• arithmetic/clock/thanksgivingHow can you figure out the date of Thanksgiving for any given year? New
• arithmetic/digits/abcabcThink of a three-digit number, then form a six-digit number by repeating its three digits (469 becomes 469,469). New
• arithmetic/digits/anomalous.cancellationAmong all 3-digit numbers in which no digit appears more than once, there is one special trait shared by... New
• arithmetic/digits/armstrong.numbersAre there infinitely many N-digit numbers equal to the sum of the N-th powers of their digits (Armstrong... New
• arithmetic/digits/cryptarithmHow do I solve letter substitutions (cryptarithms) like SEND + MORE = MONEY? Added material
• arithmetic/digits/digital.productFor each integer n, write out n in base 10 and let g(n) be the product of the nonzero digits appearing. New
• arithmetic/digits/hex.multiplesA number has four digits in hexadecimal. New
• arithmetic/digits/kaprekar.6174Take any four-digit number (excluding 1111, 2222, 3333, etc.), sort its digits into descending order, make... New
• arithmetic/digits/largest.productUsing all the 9 digits from 1 to 9 and only once, what two numbers multiplied give the largest product? New
• arithmetic/digits/near.integerProve that the decimal expansion of (sqrt(35) + 6)^1995 starts with at least 1000 nines after the decimal... New
• arithmetic/digits/own.powers3435 = 3^3 + 4^4 + 3^3 + 5^5: it equals the sum of its digits each raised to its own power (taking 0^0 = 0). New
• arithmetic/digits/palindromeDoes the series formed by adding a number to its reversal always end in a palindrome? Added material
• arithmetic/digits/palindrome.differencesWhich integers n can be written as the difference of two palindromes? New
• arithmetic/digits/palindromic.powersWhat are the largest known palindromic squares with a non-palindromic base, palindromic cubes with a... New
• arithmetic/digits/period.of.reciprocalWhat is the length of the repeating period of 1/d written in base r? New
• arithmetic/digits/persistenceThe persistence P(x) of an integer x is the number of times its digits can be multiplied, recursively. New
• arithmetic/digits/rotate.temperatureWhen Waldo recently did a conversion of a positive integral Celsius temperature c=275 to its Fahrenheit... New
• arithmetic/digits/strobogrammaticWhat numerical identities and facts remain true when the page is rotated 180 degrees ("strobogrammatic")? New
• arithmetic/digits/three.digit.sumArrange the digits 1 to 9 to form three 3-digit numbers such that the sum of the two smaller numbers equals the larger. New
• arithmetic/digits/zeros.and.onesDoes every positive integer have a multiple whose decimal representation consists only of 0's and 1's? New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/1234Using the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4 once each, with various sets of allowed operations, how far can you form... New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/1994Write as many numbers as possible, from 0 upward, using only the digits 1, 9, 9 and 4, each exactly once... New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/1997Use the four digits 1, 9, 9, 7, in that order, with additions, subtractions, multiplication, division,... New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/four.4Form expressions equalling each integer from 1 to 112 from four 4's, which may be concatenated to form a... Added material
• arithmetic/digits/equations/make.threeFor each digit from 1 to 9, use that digit three times, with arithmetic operations, to make 3. New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/own.digitsFind all 3-digit numbers that can be formed from their own digits. New
• arithmetic/digits/equations/ten.digits.sum.100Using each of the ten digits 0 through 9 exactly once, and only addition and concatenation (e.g. New
• arithmetic/digits/least.significant/factorial.twoWhat are the last two digits of x! New
• arithmetic/digits/least.significant/googolplex.powerIf a googol is 10^100 and a googolplex is 10^googol, what is the digit immediately preceding the last... New
• arithmetic/digits/prime/square.difference266117 is a prime number. New
• arithmetic/digits/squares/add.oneIs there an 8-digit square that is still a square when a 1 is written in front of it? New
• arithmetic/digits/squares/length.22Is it possible to form two numbers A and B from 22 digits such that A = B^2? Added material
• arithmetic/digits/zeros/factorial.givenn is a multiple of 3 and n factorial is equal to: New
• arithmetic/digits/zeros/googolplex.powerTo write a googolplex raised to a googolplex, you write a 1 followed by how many zeros? New
• arithmetic/tests.for.divisibility/sevenWhat is the test to see if a number is divisible by seven? Added material
• arithmetic/tests.for.divisibility/small.divisorsWhat are the tests to see if a number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, ... New
• combinatorics/aba.stringsHow many of the strings of ten characters over the alphabet {a,b} contain the substring aba? New
• combinatorics/abracadabraThe word ABRACADABRA is written as a triangle, one letter per row, the first row holding one A, the second... New
• combinatorics/acyclic.digraphsHow many directed acyclic graphs are there on n labelled nodes? New
• combinatorics/apply.permutationGiven an array A[0..N-1] and a permutation P of 0..N-1 in another array, rearrange A in place so that... New
• combinatorics/bridge.scheduleGiven N teams, how can they play a round-robin tournament, using N-1 prepared games, so that each team... New
• combinatorics/chlorinated.dioxinsIn the molecule below, chlorine atoms may be attached to any of the 8 outer carbon atoms. New
• combinatorics/counters.beyond.diagonalHow many ways are there to place n counters, diagonal by diagonal, starting from a single counter, so that... New
• combinatorics/cube.colouringHow many distinguishable ways are there to paint the faces of a cube using two colours, counting patterns... New
• combinatorics/directed.animalsHow many sets of n squares in the quarter plane contain the corner square and can each be reached from the... New
• combinatorics/disks.on.pegsTwelve disks, each with holes at some of six positions, are to be rotated and stacked so that the pegs pass through them. New
• combinatorics/doors.and.buttonsThere are n doors, and n buttons that control them. New
• combinatorics/euler.circuitsFind a closed formula for the number of Euler circuits on a complete (undirected) graph of n nodes. New
• combinatorics/finite.groupsHow many groups are there of each order up to 16, and what are their multiplication tables? New
• combinatorics/five.sleepersFive people stay overnight in a hotel. New
• combinatorics/golf.foursomesSixteen golfers play in foursomes on six different days. New
• combinatorics/golomb.rulerBetween Kroflite and Beeline are five other towns. New
• combinatorics/grid.countingIn an n x n grid of squares, how many squares are there? New
• combinatorics/grid.tourA city has 36 locations on a 6x6 grid of roads. New
• combinatorics/happy.cube.pieces"Happy Cube" puzzles each have six square pieces, to be assembled into a hollow cube. New
• combinatorics/josephusYou are one of 1000 captured pirates about to be tied to posts numbered 1 to 1000 arranged in a circle. New
• combinatorics/lights.in.circleWe place n lights L_0, L_1, ..., L_{n-1} on a circle. New
• combinatorics/lucky.ticketHow many six-digit tickets (000001 to 999999) have the sum of the first three digits equal to the sum of... New
• combinatorics/multipermutationsIn how many ways can 3n elements be chosen out of an n*n array with exactly 3 in each row and column? New
• combinatorics/no.consecutive.neighborsPut the numbers 1 through 8 into the boxes of this diagram so that no two consecutive numbers are in boxes... New
• combinatorics/np.completeWhat does it mean that a problem is "NP-complete"? New
• combinatorics/odd.permutation.productLet A1, A2, ..., An be any permutation of the numbers 1, 2, ..., n. New
• combinatorics/phone.dialingHow many telephone numbers can be dialed if each digit is reached from the previous one by a move of a... New
• combinatorics/pizza.toppingsA pizza deal: for one low price you get two pizzas, each with up to 5 toppings chosen from 11. New
• combinatorics/plutarch.numbersPlutarch reports that Hipparchus counted 103,049 compound propositions "on the affirmative side" and... New
• combinatorics/raised.buttonsA 3 x 3 grid of buttons, numbered like a keypad New
• combinatorics/roller.coasterFour people line up for a roller coaster. New
• combinatorics/round.robinSchedule a round robin tournament in which there are N teams, each one playing all the others, in the... New
• combinatorics/same.handshakesProve that if n people attend a party, there will be at least two people who shake the same number of hands. New
• combinatorics/shannon.switching.gameIs there an algorithm for determining whether a given undirected graph has two edge-disjoint spanning trees... New
• combinatorics/shuffling.machineA device which shuffles cards always rearranges them in the same way relative to the order in which they were placed into it. New
• combinatorics/sliding.pairsTake three white poker chips and three red poker chips, line them up thusly: New
• combinatorics/sorting.boundsSorting n keys by binary comparisons needs O(n log n) steps on average; can a sort be faster than O(n log... New
• combinatorics/squarefree.stringsWhat is the longest repetition-free string one can build with {0,1,2}? New
• combinatorics/stamp.foldingIn how many ways can a strip of n blank stamps be folded? New
• combinatorics/sum.distinct.setsConsider an ordered set of n integers, {M(n,i), i=1 to n}. New
• combinatorics/sum.free.groupsArrange the numbers 1...23 into three groups so that in any group the sum of two numbers from that group is not in that group. New
• combinatorics/target.practiceA marksman shoots n cans off a fence, the first anywhere and each later one next to a gap; in how many... New
• combinatorics/teaching.scheduleA teacher at a school with grades 1 through k wants a schedule, repeated every k years, in which she... New
• combinatorics/tictactoe.arrangementsHow many ways are there of arranging 3 crosses and 3 noughts on a 3x3 tictactoe board (excluding rotations... New
• combinatorics/true.false.quizHow many answer sheets must you submit to a 10-question true/false quiz to be sure one of them scores at... New
• combinatorics/coinage/fourteen.coinsI purchased something for $1.79. New
• combinatorics/coinage/largest.unreachableUsing only 5s and 9s (any number of each), what is the largest total that cannot be made? New
• combinatorics/coinage/mcnuggetsChicken McNuggets come in packs of 6, 9 and 20. New
• combinatorics/coinage/postage.stampsAn envelope holds at most h stamps. New
• combinatorics/coinage/ten.dollarsHow many different ways can ten dollars be made from five dollar bills, one dollar bills, half-dollars, and... New
• competition/contests/enigma.minisampleSolve the puzzles of the National Puzzlers' League's ENIGMA minisample (January 1993), reproduced below. New
• competition/contests/online.competitionsWhat online puzzle competitions are there for advanced solvers? New
• competition/contests/prizeweek.puzzlersOur local newspaper has a contest where you can win money if you correctly fill out the puzzle. New
• competition/contests/world.puzzle.1993What puzzles were set at the 2nd Annual World Puzzle Championship (Brno, Czech Republic, 1993), and how did... New
• competition/contests/world.puzzle.championship.1993What were the results of the 2nd World Puzzle Championship, held in Brno in 1993? New
• competition/games/15.puzzleHow can I solve Sam Loyd's "15" puzzle, which consists of 15 sliding pieces in a 4 by 4 array, looking like... Added material
• competition/games/alcatrazWhat is the solution to Alcatraz? Added material
• competition/games/backgammonWhat is the minimal number of moves in backgammon such that the initial board configuration is exactly... New
• competition/games/baseball.pitchesWhat is the fewest number of pitches that could be thrown by the winning pitcher in a regulation 9 inning... New
• competition/games/bedlam.cubeHow many solutions does the Bedlam cube puzzle have? New
• competition/games/beggar.your.neighborWhat deal of two-player Beggar Your Neighbor gives the longest game (the most tricks), and can a game go on... New
• competition/games/chinese.ringsHow do you solve the Chinese Rings (also called the Patience Puzzle)? New
• competition/games/chompWhat is a winning strategy for the game "Chomp"? New
• competition/games/connect.fourIs there a winning strategy for Connect Four? Added material
• competition/games/cribbage.improvementIn cribbage, which four-card hand can gain the most points from the turned-up card? New
• competition/games/cribbage.puzzlesCan a game of cribbage be won 121-0? New
• competition/games/cubeWhat are some games involving cubes? Added material
• competition/games/fibonacci.nimTwo players start with a number of counters. New
• competition/games/fifteen.gameNine cards numbered 1 to 9 lie face up; players alternately take one, and the first to hold three cards... New
• competition/games/freecellWhich deals of the solitaire game FreeCell are impossible to win? New
• competition/games/go-mokuFor a game of k in a row on an n x n board, for what values of k and n is there a win? Added material
• competition/games/gops[ Editor: Two players each hold all the cards of one suit; on each trick both lay a card face down, the... New
• competition/games/hexIs there a known winning strategy for the game of Hex? New
• competition/games/hi-qWhat is the quickest solution of the game Hi-Q (also called Solitaire)? Added material
• competition/games/instant.insanityHow do you solve Instant Insanity: stack four cubes, whose faces are colored red, white, blue and green, so... New
• competition/games/jeopardyWhat are the highest, lowest, and most different scores contestants can achieve during a single game of... Added material
• competition/games/jeopardy.wagerSuppose you are one of two rational players tied with $5000 in two-player Final Jeopardy! New
• competition/games/kites.and.dartsHow do you play the Mabry Dart & Kite game, a two-player game of 3-coloring a Penrose tiling of kites and... New
• competition/games/klondike.lossIn Klondike solitaire, what is the fewest number of cards that can be placed in a beginning setup to... New
• competition/games/life.densityWhat are the densest regular patterns that cover the plane in Conway's game of Life? New
• competition/games/life.dyingWhat is the smallest group of cells in Conway's game of Life that dies completely in one generation, with... New
• competition/games/mastermindWhat algorithms solve MasterMind, and how many guesses do they need? New
• competition/games/monopolyIn Monopoly, you are most likely to land on which property? New
• competition/games/nimPlace 10 piles of 10 $1 bills in a row. Added material
• competition/games/nim.1357How do you win the game of Nim from the standard position of rows of 1, 3, 5 and 7 pieces? New
• competition/games/nim.splittingIn this version of Nim, a move is to cross out any number of consecutive "sticks" in one row. New
• competition/games/nonogramsWhat are some concrete tips for solving nonograms (paint-by-numbers puzzles, like the ones in _Games_ magazine)? New
• competition/games/oskars.cubeWho invented the 3D maze puzzle that involves solving three 2D mazes simultaneously (probably mentioned in... New
• competition/games/othelloHow good are computers at Othello? Added material
• competition/games/prime.gameA and B play a game in which they create a six-digit number: 1. New
• competition/games/scrabbleWhat are some exceptional Scrabble Brand Crossword Game (TM) games? Added material
• competition/games/scrabble.bingosWhat are the most common bingos (seven-letter words using a whole rack) in Scrabble? New
• competition/games/scrabble.opening.bingoWhat is the probability that the first seven tiles drawn in Scrabble form a bingo (a seven-letter word... New
• competition/games/scrabble.simulationWhat do computer simulations of many Scrabble games show about scores, bingos, game length, square usage... New
• competition/games/scrabble.word.frequencyWhich words are played most often in Scrabble games on the Internet game servers, and how often are words... New
• competition/games/setWhat is the size of the largest collection of cards from which NO "set" can be selected ? Added material
• competition/games/sliding.blockI am looking for a sliding block puzzle named "the viking game". New
• competition/games/snookerI made the lowest possible winning score for a completed frame of snooker, potting only one ball in the... New
• competition/games/snooker.yellowDuring a normal game of snooker one of the players makes a break of eight points, during which he pots the yellow ball four times. New
• competition/games/somaWhat is the solution to Soma Cubes? Added material
• competition/games/square-1Does anyone have any hints on how to solve the Square-1 puzzle? Added material
• competition/games/take.away1. There are 2 players and 32 toothpicks. New
• competition/games/tictactoe.machineHow can a tic-tac-toe machine be wired from only a power source, wire, nine toggle switches and eighteen... New
• competition/games/chess/bishop.tourWhat is the smallest number of moves in which a bishop, starting where he chooses, can visit (pass into or... New
• competition/games/chess/consecutive.checksFind the maximum number of consecutive checks from a legal chess position. New
• competition/games/chess/fools.mateWhat is the fastest theoretical way to get checkmate from the opening position? New
• competition/games/chess/impossible.pawnsAdd two black pawns to this position to form an illegal position that becomes legal on the removal of either one of them. New
• competition/games/chess/king.longest.tourWhat is the longest possible closed path of a chess king on the chessboard that does not cross itself? New
• competition/games/chess/knight.controlHow many knights does it take to attack or control the board? Added material
• competition/games/chess/knight.tourFor what size boards are knight tours possible? Added material
• competition/games/chess/mutual.castlingWhite to mate in 2 (A. New
• competition/games/chess/mutual.stalemateWhat's the minimal number of pieces in a legal mutual stalemate? Added material
• competition/games/chess/nonattacking.rooksHow many ways are there to place n rooks on an n x n chessboard so that no rook attacks another? New
• competition/games/chess/queen.dispositionsHow many different dispositions (up to rotation and reflection of the board) are there of K queens on an N... New
• competition/games/chess/queen.placementsHow many different ways (not counting rotations and reflections of the board as different) can K queens be... New
• competition/games/chess/queensHow many ways can eight queens be placed so that they control the board? Added material
• competition/games/chess/queens.unattackedHow should N queens be placed on an N x N board to leave the maximum number of unattacked vacant squares? New
• competition/games/chess/rook.pathsHow many non-overlapping paths can a rook take from one corner to the opposite on an MxN chess board? Added material
• competition/games/chess/rooks.3d.mateIn three-dimensional chess, how few rooks are needed to checkmate a lone king? New
• competition/games/chess/shogi.piecesHow many dragons (rook plus king) and how many horses (bishop plus king) can be placed on a 9x9 Shogi board... New
• competition/games/chess/shortest.stalemateWhat are the shortest chess games, from the initial position, that end in stalemate, with captures allowed... New
• competition/games/chess/sixteen.nonattackingIs there any way to place all 16 chess pieces of one color on a board such that none are attacking each other? New
• competition/games/chess/size.of.game.treeHow many different positions are there in the game tree of chess? Added material
• competition/games/chess/stalemate.movesBlack is in a stalemate position. New
• competition/games/chess/underpromotionCan a situation exist in which the only correct move is to move a Pawn to the eighth rank and promote it to a Rook? New
• competition/games/online/omnibusWhere can I find the OMNIBUS puzzles and the SpuZzLes word game on the web? New
• competition/games/online/online.scrabbleHow can I play Scrabble online on the Internet? Added material
• competition/games/pc/11th.hour.furnitureHow do you solve the furniture sliding-block puzzle in the PC game The 11th Hour? New
• competition/games/pc/The7thGuestWhat are solutions to some of the puzzles in The 7th Guest? Added material
• competition/games/pc/bestWhat are the best PC games? Added material
• competition/games/pc/game.faqsWhich other FAQs about PC games exist? New
• competition/games/pc/reviewsAre reviews of PC games available online? Added material
• competition/games/pc/solutionsWhat are the solutions to various popular PC games? Added material
• competition/games/rubiks/alexanders.starHow do you solve Alexander's Star? New
• competition/games/rubiks/megaminxHow do you solve the Megaminx (the dodecahedral Rubik's-type puzzle with 12 faces of 10 moving pieces each)? New
• competition/games/rubiks/nxnxn.cubesHow do you solve the NxNxN cubes: the Pocket Cube (2x2x2), Rubik's Cube (3x3x3), Rubik's Revenge (4x4x4)... New
• competition/games/rubiks/pyraminxHow do you solve the Pyraminx? New
• competition/games/rubiks/rubiks.cubeWhat is known about bounds on solving Rubik's cube? Added material
• competition/games/rubiks/rubiks.magicHow do you solve Rubik's Magic? Added material
• competition/games/rubiks/rubiks.tangleWhat is the solution to Rubik's Tangle? Added material
• competition/games/rubiks/skewbHow do you solve the Skewb? New
• competition/games/rubiks/unsolvable.stickeringsIn how many ways can you place the stickers on a Rubik's cube so that the cube is not solvable? New
• competition/games/rubiks/variantsWhat puzzles are there that are similar to Rubik's Cube? New
• competition/tests/analogies/relationsComplete these analogies: New
• competition/tests/math/wilson.problemsSolve these six problems by David Wilson. New
• competition/tests/math/imo/imo.1988What were the problems of the 29th International Mathematical Olympiad (Canberra, 1988)? New
• competition/tests/math/putnam/putnam.1994Problems from the 1994 Putnam exam (December 3, 1994). New
• cryptology/VoynichWhat are the Voynich ciphers? Added material
• cryptology/blum.primesWhat are some moderately large primes that leave remainder 3 when divided by 4 ("Blum" primes), for... New
• cryptology/calloway.codeDecode this message: New
• cryptology/coded.message.1818Can you decipher a coded message written on the cover page of a letter dated 20 February 1818? New
• cryptology/codex.seraphinianusIs the invented script of Luigi Serafini's "Codex Seraphinianus" a real (or enciphered) language, and how... New
• cryptology/dorabellaWhat is the Dorabella cipher? New
• cryptology/marlow.challengeMarlow's job last week took him on an exciting trip. New
• cryptology/opendoor.indexWhat did the National Security Agency's OPENDOOR index of declassified cryptologic documents list? New
• decision/allaisThe Allais Paradox involves the choice between two alternatives: Added material
• decision/burn.gameRose and Colin play the Battle of the Sexes, but Colin may first "burn" 95 utility units in full view of Rose. New
• decision/divide.1000Two persons each divide $1000 into three different amounts and compare highest with highest, middle with... New
• decision/dowrySultan's Dowry Added material
• decision/dowry.known.distributionSultan's Dowry with known distribution New
• decision/envelopeSomeone has prepared two envelopes containing money. Added material
• decision/exchangeAt one time, the Canadian and US dollars were discounted by 10 cents on each side of the border (i.e., a... Added material
• decision/five.piratesFive pirates on an island have one hundred gold coins to split between them. Added material
• decision/guess.weighted.numberA computer generates a number between 1 and 100 (both inclusive), according to a known probability... New
• decision/high.or.lowI pick two numbers, randomly, and tell you one of them. Added material
• decision/ice.cream.vendorsIce-cream vendors arrive one after another at a beach of length 1 and each chooses a spot; customers are... New
• decision/monty.four.doorsIn a four-door Monty Hall game, the contestant guesses door A, Monty opens empty door B, and the contestant switches to C. New
• decision/monty.hallYou are a participant on "Let's Make a Deal." Monty Hall shows you three closed doors. Added material
• decision/newcombNewcomb's Problem Added material
• decision/newcomb.smullyanBox A contains $100 and box B contains either nothing or $1 million. New
• decision/prisonersThree prisoners on death row are told that one of them has been chosen at random for execution the next... Added material
• decision/proportional.votingHow would you design a voting system that produces the following result: the ratio of meat-eaters to... New
• decision/redI show you a shuffled deck of standard playing cards, one card at a time. Added material
• decision/red.black.bettingYou have $100 to bet on the following game: take a shuffled deck of cards, and deal through it one at a time. New
• decision/rent.divisionN people share a house with N rooms and a fixed total rent; how can the rooms be allocated and priced at... New
• decision/rotating.tableFour glasses are placed in the four corners of a square rotating table (like a lazy susan). Added material
• decision/statistical.inferenceIn what sense is statistical inference inference? New
• decision/switchSwitch? (The Monty Hall Problem) Restored
• decision/three.amountsTwo persons each divide $1000 into three different amounts; whoever has the larger amount in two of the three comparisons wins. New
• decision/truelA, B, and C are to fight a three-cornered pistol duel. Added material
• decision/truel.one.bulletThree people, A, B and C, are each given a gun with one bullet, and all are perfect shots. New
• decision/two.gamblersTwo gamblers, A and B, are about to play a game. New
• decision/crossing/bridge.crossingFour people need to get across a bridge that can only support two at a time. Added material
• decision/crossing/river.crossingHow can various combinations of people, animals, and things get across a river when there are restrictions... Added material
• decision/crossing/tower.pulleyA mother (210 pounds), son (80), daughter (65) and a bowling ball (50) must escape a tower by a pair of... New
• geometry/K3,3Can three houses be connected to three utilities without the pipes crossing? Restored
• geometry/annulus.chordTwo concentric circles are given. New
• geometry/ball.in.cornerA beach ball of radius 1 foot is placed in the corner of a room so it is tangent to the floor and two of the room's walls. New
• geometry/bear.square.walkA wildlife photographer goes one mile south, one mile east, one mile north and one mile west, and is back... New
• geometry/circle.regionsPut n points on a circle and connect each point to every other point by straight lines so as to form the maximum number of regions. New
• geometry/circle.splitting.pointsThere are 2n+3 points in the plane, no three of them collinear and no four of them concyclic. New
• geometry/circles.through.gridWhat is the smallest number of circles k that pass through all the points of an n x n square grid of points? New
• geometry/coins.to.hexagonArrange 6 coins in two rows of three coins nestled together; what is the minimum number of slide moves to... New
• geometry/coins.trianglePut 10 equal coins on a table to make a filled triangle with a side of 4 coins. New
• geometry/conicsIs there a formula which describes *all* conic sections, which will generate a particular class of same... New
• geometry/cube.cutsA 3x3x3 cube of cheese can be cut into 27 1x1x1 cubes with 6 cuts (2 along every dimension; like a Rubik's Cube). New
• geometry/duck.and.foxA duck is swimming about in a circular pond. Added material
• geometry/earth.bandHow much will a band around the equator rise above the surface if it is made one meter longer? Added material
• geometry/four.peopleAlice, Bob and Carol are standing on a straight line. New
• geometry/grad.school.triangleIn isosceles triangle PQR, angle QPR = 20 degrees and the other two angles are 80 degrees. New
• geometry/grid.linesHow many straight lines do you need to cross every square of a 3x3 board? New
• geometry/half.angle.tangentsFind a triangle with integer sides such that the product of the tangents of its half-angles is (2^8 5^2... New
• geometry/hamilton.pathDevise a continuous path that visits each * exactly once: New
• geometry/hexagon.in.triangleStart with an equilateral triangle. New
• geometry/hikeYou are hiking in a half-planar woods, exactly 1 mile from the edge, when you suddenly trip and lose your sense of direction. Added material
• geometry/hole.in.sphereOld Boniface he took his cheer, Then he bored a hole through a solid sphere, Clear through the center,... Added material
• geometry/inscribed.polygonA polygon of 100 sides is inscribed in a circle. New
• geometry/intersecting.cylindersTwo cylinders of unit diameter intersect (100%) at right angles. New
• geometry/ladder.and.boxA 3' * 3' packing case is placed against a wall. Added material
• geometry/lighthouseTwo people walk to the top of a cylindrical lighthouse, one via a straight ladder up the middle and the... New
• geometry/manhole.coverWhy is a manhole cover round? Added material
• geometry/mouse.in.penA toy wind-up mouse is put in a circle pen with 1 m radius. New
• geometry/nearest.townTake a map and connect each town shown on it to its nearest (as the crow flies) neighbor by means of a straight line segment. New
• geometry/nine.dotsDraw 4 straight lines in such a way that all the dots of a 3x3 array are touched. New
• geometry/opaque.cubeWhat is the least area surface that can block all lines of sight through a cube? New
• geometry/pentagram.ten.trianglesA regular 5-pointed star is composed of five lines, and has 5 non-overlapping triangles in it. New
• geometry/pentominoArrange pentominos in 3x20, 4x15, 5x12, 6x10, 2x3x10, 2x5x6 and 3x4x5 forms. Added material
• geometry/pentomino.duplicationDivide the 12 pentominoes into two sets of 6 that form two identical shapes (shapes that overlap exactly... New
• geometry/piano.around.cornerWhat is the longest (or largest) object that can be moved along a corridor of width W and around a... New
• geometry/platonic.volumeWhat are the volumes of the regular polyhedra? New
• geometry/point.in.triangleGiven a triangle in the xy plane (specified by its vertices) and a point, find a computationally simple... New
• geometry/points.in.rectangleGiven a rectangle of sides A and B, two points are picked at random, independently and uniformly with respect to area. New
• geometry/points.on.sphereWhat are the odds that n random points on a sphere lie in the same hemisphere? Added material
• geometry/polycubesHow many pentacubes are there really? New
• geometry/polytope.volumeHow can one calculate the hypervolume of a convex n-dimensional polyhedron given the coordinates of its... New
• geometry/puzzle.ringHow can I put together my puzzle rings (where four bands become one)? Added material
• geometry/pyramid.trianglesJoin every pair of the 5 vertices and 8 edge midpoints of a square pyramid. New
• geometry/regular.polyhedraWhy are there only five regular polyhedra, and why is the solid made of two tetrahedra glued face to face... New
• geometry/rotating.lineA line of unit length is enclosed within a two-dimensional area. New
• geometry/satellitesYou have a planet that's a perfect sphere. New
• geometry/seven.pointsCan you arrange seven distinct points on a plane, so that of any three taken at random, at least two would... New
• geometry/shortest.creaseYou have a sheet of paper that is 6 units wide and 25 units long, placed so that the short side is facing you. New
• geometry/six.tangent.circlesStart with a circle O of radius 1 and let a and b be arbitrary real numbers. New
• geometry/sphere.packingAre face-centred cubic and hexagonal close packing of equal spheres really two different arrangements, or... New
• geometry/spider.and.flyA room is 30 feet long, 12 feet wide and 12 feet high. New
• geometry/spider.on.treeThere is a tree, circumference of which is 4 ft. New
• geometry/spiralHow far must one travel to reach the North Pole if one starts from the equator and always heads northwest? Added material
• geometry/spy.planeA spy plane must see the entire surface of the Earth in one flight; what is the shortest flight, starting... New
• geometry/square.holeIs it possible to drill a square hole? New
• geometry/steiner.treeFour cities stand at the corners of a square. New
• geometry/surveyed.triangleA team of surveyors are given the task of finding the size of an equilateral triangular plot. New
• geometry/tangent.circlesInside a pipe 3 units in diameter are two pipes, of diameters 2 and 1. New
• geometry/three.churchesIn George's small home town there are three churches, equidistant from each other as the crow flies - that... New
• geometry/three.squaresThree squares are placed side by side: New
• geometry/touching.cubesGiven a cube, how many cubes (all identical to the original) can you place around it so they all touch it? New
• geometry/treasure.mapA treasure map locates the treasure using four landmarks, two of which have vanished. New
• geometry/triangle.20.degreesIn isoceles triangle ABC angle A=20, B=80, C=80. Added material
• geometry/triangular.regionsShow that when n lines in general position in the real affine plane (no two parallel, no three concurrent)... New
• geometry/weighted.bisectorsThe perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle meet in a single point. New
• geometry/weird.riverA river flows from town A to town B and has the property that any point on either of its banks is no... New
• geometry/wooden.blockHow was this wooden block made from two pieces, with the joint showing as a dovetail on two adjacent faces? New
• geometry/worm.blanketPerson A has a piece of string exactly one meter long. New
• geometry/wrapping.paperYou have a rectangular solid, A x B x C in dimension, and you want to wrap it with a rectangle of wrapping paper, D x E in size. New
• geometry/coloring/four.color[ Editor: Has the four-color map problem been solved, and what about coloring maps on surfaces of higher genus, such as the torus? New
• geometry/coloring/kites.and.darts.gameDevise a two-player game based on 3-coloring a tiling of kites and darts. New
• geometry/coloring/painted.cubeA painted wooden cube is cut into n^3 identical smaller cubes; give formulas for how many of the small... New
• geometry/coloring/two.colored.planeAn infinite plane is colored in red and blue, each spot of color being finite. New
• geometry/coloring/unit.distanceColor every point of the plane with one of N colors so that no two points at distance 1 from one another have the same color. New
• geometry/construction/12.points.5.linesDraw 5 straight line segments through the 12 points below without lifting your pencil, so that each point... New
• geometry/construction/5.lines.with.4.pointsArrange 10 points so that they form 5 rows of 4 each. Added material
• geometry/construction/arbelosConstruct a figure equal in area to the region inside a semicircle and outside two smaller semicircles... New
• geometry/construction/artilleryYou are a field officer in the Greek artillery corps. New
• geometry/construction/bisect.with.compassHow do we find the mid-point of a line segment using only a compass? New
• geometry/construction/circle.through.pointGiven a straight line, a point and a circle (on the same side of the line as the point), construct a circle... New
• geometry/construction/h.seven.trianglesDraw three straight lines through a standard capital "H" so that the resulting figure contains seven... New
• geometry/construction/interior.pointGiven three points whose coordinates are known, and a point O inside the triangle they form, how do you... New
• geometry/construction/quadrilateral.to.triangleGiven an arbitrary convex quadrilateral, construct a triangle of equal area using only straight edge and... New
• geometry/construction/tangent.circleGiven a circle C, a line L that doesn't intersect C, and a point P that is not on L and not inside C,... New
• geometry/construction/three.degreesConstruct an angle of 3 degrees with straightedge and compass. New
• geometry/dissections/acute.trianglesCut a square into the fewest number of acute triangles. New
• geometry/dissections/cube.3.4.5.6Dissect a 6x6x6 cube into as few pieces as possible that can be reassembled into three cubes 3x3x3, 4x4x4... New
• geometry/dissections/cubed.cubeShow that a cube of integer side cannot be partitioned into a finite number of smaller cubes of integer sides, all of different sizes. New
• geometry/dissections/iced.cakeA rectangular slice of cake ABED is iced along two sides, the icing being the L-shaped region BCGFDE, so... New
• geometry/dissections/isosceles.trianglesWhat is the fewest number of angularly unique isosceles triangles that can be pieced together to form a... New
• geometry/dissections/pizza.cutsHow do you cut a round pizza into 8 pieces with 3 straight cuts? New
• geometry/dissections/planesWhat is the maximum number of parts into which 3-dimensional space can be divided by 5 planes? New
• geometry/dissections/rectangle.to.squareA rectangle with sides x and y is cut with straight cuts into pieces that are reassembled, by rotation and... New
• geometry/dissections/slice.cakeHow do you cut a rectangular cake in half that already has a rectangular piece removed? Added material
• geometry/dissections/squared.squareGiven a square of n X n proportion, break the square up into smaller squares none of which can be the same dimensions as another. New
• geometry/dissections/vanishing.leprechaunHow does the "Vanishing Leprechaun" puzzle work, in which one leprechaun disappears or reappears when the... New
• geometry/dissections/wedding.cakeWith one straight cut, and only the knife as a tool, halve a slice of wedding cake iced on top and on one... New
• geometry/lattice/chessboard.circlesStart with a chessboard and put one marker on each intersection point, including those on the perimeter and... New
• geometry/lattice/ink.stainsThe plane has a dot at every point (x,y) where both x and y are integers. New
• geometry/lattice/madmen.in.forestFive madmen hide in an infinite square grid of trees, each uprooting one tree and standing in its place. New
• geometry/lattice/platonic.solidsFor each of the five Platonic solids, decide whether or not there exists such a solid in R^3 such that each... New
• geometry/lattice/sixteen.geeksPlace 16 people in a 4x4x4 grid of rooms so that the smallest distance between any two of them is as large... New
• geometry/tiling/count.1x2Count the ways to tile an MxN rectangle with 1x2 dominos. Added material
• geometry/tiling/dominoes.two.holesProve that if you remove any two squares of opposite colors from a chessboard, the board can be covered... New
• geometry/tiling/heptomino.boxesIs it possible to pack the 108 heptominoes, with unit thickness, into a 7x9x12 box? New
• geometry/tiling/locate.in.patternThe plane is tiled periodically, without rotation, by copies of a 5x5 square A and a 3x3 square B placed... New
• geometry/tiling/pentacube.contestCan the 29 pentacubes be assembled into the figures set as problems in the German pentacube contests... New
• geometry/tiling/pentomino.cubeFill a 5x5x5 box with 25 identical pieces, each made of five unit cubes: a piece of two units glued to a... New
• geometry/tiling/polycube.boxesWhich polyominoes and polycubes can be packed, all copies alike, into rectangles, boxes and hyperboxes, and... New
• geometry/tiling/rectangles.with.squaresGiven two sorts of squares, (axa) and (bxb), what rectangles can be tiled? Added material
• geometry/tiling/roman.crossesCover the surface of a cube with five congruent Roman crosses. New
• geometry/tiling/straight.tetrominoCan a 10x10 square be tiled with 25 1x4 rectangles (straight tetrominoes)? New
• geometry/tiling/t.tetrominoesFrom a 99x99 checkerboard, the middle square of one side is removed. New
• geometry/tiling/triangles.squares.hexagonsOne can fill the surface R^2 with triangles, squares and hexagons as shown below. New
• geometry/topology/complete.graphs.on.torusShow how to draw the complete graphs K6 and K7 on a torus, with no two edges crossing. New
• geometry/topology/euler.formulaA polyhedron with F faces, V vertices and E edges satisfies F + V = E + 2. New
• geometry/topology/hairy.ballShow that a "hairy coconut" in an odd number of dimensions cannot be combed: if n is odd, there is no... New
• geometry/topology/horseshoesHow do you get the ring off the wire puzzle called "Horseshoes" or "Handcuffs"? New
• geometry/topology/poincare.conjectureWhat is the exact statement of the Poincare conjecture, and where does it stand (fake R^4s, the case n = 3)? New
• geometry/topology/wobbly.tableCan a four-legged table standing on an uneven (but smooth) floor always be turned so that all four legs... New
• group/group.18AEFHILMNORSUX BCDGJKPQTVWYZ New
• group/group.19BCDEGPTVZ FLMNSX AJK QUW IY H O R New
• group/group.20AR B CLMNSUVWZ DO EFGJTY HIKX P Q New
• induction/hanoiIs there an algorithm for solving the Hanoi tower puzzle for any number of towers? Added material
• induction/integer.polynomialProve that if P is a polynomial of degree k, and P(n) assumes integral values for k+1 consecutive integers... New
• induction/partyYou're at a party. Added material
• induction/same.hair.colorWhere is the mistake in this proof by induction that all women have the same hair color? New
• induction/takeoverAfter graduating from college, you have taken an important managing position in the prestigious financial... Added material
• language/close.antonymsWhat words are similar to their antonyms in other langauges? Added material
• language/grandmotherWhat are the words for "grandmother" in various languages? New
• language/international.palindromesList palindromes in English and in other languages. New
• language/multi.lingualWhat words in multiple languages are related in interesting ways? Restored
• language/palindromes.non.englishWhat are some palindromes in languages other than English? New
• language/pi.mnemonicsWhat are some mnemonics for the digits of pi, in English and other languages? New
• language/synonymous.reversalsWhat words are synonymous with their reversals in other languages? Added material
• language/dutch/dutch.recordWhat are some Dutch words with unusual properties? Added material
• language/english/double.dactylWrite a double dactyl ("higgledy-piggledy") whose key line is an anagram. New
• language/english/elementThe name of what element ends in "h"? Restored
• language/english/higgledy.piggledyWhat is a higgledy-piggledy (double dactyl), and what are some good ones? New
• language/english/rebusDecode this rebus, said to be posted in a tavern: New
• language/english/unused.word.gameCan you come up with a real word that no one on the Internet has used in a newsgroup in the past few months? New
• language/english/word.odditiesWhat are some interesting word oddities in English: unusual letter combinations, typing curiosities, long... New
• language/english/word.records.introductionHow are the word records of the Taxonomy of Wordplay organized, classified and scored? New
• language/english/crosswords/cryptic/cluesWhat are some clues (indicators) used in cryptics? Restored
• language/english/crosswords/cryptic/doubleEach clue has two solutions, one for each diagram; one of the answers to 1ac. Restored
• language/english/crosswords/cryptic/introWhat are the rules for cluing cryptic crosswords? Restored
• language/english/etymology/acronymWhat acronyms have become common words or are otherwise interesting? Added material
• language/english/etymology/car.acronymsWhat humorous expansions have been made of the names of automobile makes, read as acronyms? New
• language/english/etymology/doublet.2What are the word records for doublet (completely different words from same root), example of? New
• language/english/etymology/fossilWhat are some examples of idioms that include obsolete words? Added material
• language/english/etymology/homographsWhat are the word records for Homographs, most? New
• language/english/etymology/lost.positivesWhat happened to words like "tant" (nearby, the opposite of distant) and "cuss" (not talk about, the... New
• language/english/etymology/most.different.etymologiesWhat are the word records for most different etymologies? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/acronym.that.has.become.an.uncapitalizedWhat are the word records for acronym that has become an uncapitalized word? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/backronymWhat are the word records for backronym (phrase fitted to an existing word as its supposed expansion)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/numeronymWhat are the word records for numeronym (first letter, count of omitted letters, last letter: i18n), most... New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.wordWhat are the word records for portmanteau word (word formed by mixing two other words)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/recursive.or.nested.acronymWhat are the word records for recursive or nested acronym (acronym one of whose words is itself an acronym,... New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/reduplicativeWhat are the word records for reduplicative (word formed by repeating an element, exactly or with a vowel... New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/word.formed.as.an.anagramWhat are the word records for word formed as an anagram? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/acronym.that.has.become.an.uncapitalized/abbreviation.that.is.also.a.wordWhat are the word records for abbreviation that is also a word, longest? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/acronym.that.has.become.an.uncapitalized/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/acronym.that.has.become.an.uncapitalized/longestWhat are the word records for longest? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.word/border.portmanteau.place.nameWhat are the word records for border portmanteau place name (town name blended from adjoining states or... New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.word/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.word/joined.at.a.shared.soundWhat are the word records for joined at a shared sound (end of the first word is the start of the second)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.word/oldestWhat are the word records for oldest? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/portmanteau.word/portmanteau.not.takenWhat are the word records for portmanteau not taken (the other blend of the same two words)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/reduplicative/ablaut.reduplication.orderWhat are the word records for ablaut reduplication order (first vowel I, second A or O: flip-flop)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/word.formed.as.an.anagram/anagrammatic.pseudonymWhat are the word records for anagrammatic pseudonym (pen name formed by transposing the author's real name)? New
• language/english/etymology/acronyms.anagrams.portmanteaus/word.formed.as.an.anagram/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/doublet.example.of/antonymous.doubletWhat are the word records for antonymous doublet (two words from one root whose meanings have become nearly... New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/ameliorationWhat are the word records for amelioration (word whose meaning improves through use, or swings between bad... New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/clippingWhat are the word records for clipping (word formed from part of a longer word: back-, fore- and fore-and-aft clipping), incl. New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/ghost.wordWhat are the word records for ghost word (dictionary entry that is not a real word, born of a misreading,... New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/hybrid.or.mule.wordWhat are the word records for hybrid or mule word (compound whose parts come from different languages)? New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/imperative.compoundWhat are the word records for imperative compound (agent noun formed from a verb plus its object:... New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/pejorationWhat are the word records for pejoration (word whose meaning degenerates through use)? New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/peripatetic.or.reborrowed.wordWhat are the word records for peripatetic or reborrowed word (borrowed through a chain of languages, or... New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/zazzificationWhat are the word records for zazzification (slang intensified by substituting a z sound)? New
• language/english/etymology/word.formation.and.history/peripatetic.or.reborrowed.word.most.languages/etymon.chainWhat are the word records for etymon chain (name derived from a name derived from a name ..., each level a... New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/eponymWhat are the word records for eponym (word derived from a person's name), for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/punning.etymologyWhat are the word records for punning etymology (word or phrase that began as a pun)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/retronymWhat are the word records for retronym (new name for an old thing)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/tautological.place.nameWhat are the word records for tautological place name (elements from different languages mean the same thing)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/unknown.originWhat are the word records for unknown origin, shortest? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/eponym.for.each.letter/celebrity.name.descriptorWhat are the word records for celebrity-name descriptor (a thing such as a golf shot nicknamed after a... New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/eponym.for.each.letter/generic.personal.nameWhat are the word records for generic personal name (forename or invented personal name used as a common... New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/eponym.for.each.letter/toponymous.wordWhat are the word records for toponymous word (common word derived from a place name)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/fossil/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/metanalysis.or.affix.clipping.or.folk/back.formationWhat are the word records for back-formation (word made by removing a supposed affix: burgle, edit, pea)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/metanalysis.or.affix.clipping.or.folk/eggcornWhat are the word records for eggcorn (plausible sound-alike substituted in a phrase)? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/metanalysis.or.affix.clipping.or.folk/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/tautological.place.name/onomastic.tautologyWhat are the word records for onomastic tautology (personal name whose given name and surname mean the same... New
• language/english/etymology/words.with.unusual.origins/trade.names.that.have.become.words/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/meaning/animalFor each animal, give its genus names, collective noun and gate(s), if any (e.g., "horse -> equine, herd,... Added material
• language/english/meaning/animal.proverbsMatch each word or phrase in the first column with the word or phrase in the second column that produces a... New
• language/english/meaning/equationsWhat are the solutions to various letter equations like: 1 = W on a U 3 = BM 4 = Q in a G 5 = D in a ZC 7 =... Added material
• language/english/meaning/free.associationsFill in the blanks with words that complete the free associations, e.g. New
• language/english/meaning/lost.positivesWhat are some "lost positives", words that exist only in their negative forms, like "disgruntled" without... New
• language/english/meaning/oxymoronsWhat are some oxymorons (phrases whose parts contradict each other, seriously or jokingly)? New
• language/english/meaning/phrasal.verb.gridWhat is the question? New
• language/english/meaning/pleonasmWhat are some redundant terms that occur frequently (like "ABM missile")? Added material
• language/english/meaning/reflexive.verbsFind an English verb whose subject is always a person or persons and whose object is ALWAYS that same... New
• language/english/meaning/shakespeare.titlesWhich Shakespeare plays are clued by WET, DRY, ABORTION, 3", 6" and 9"? New
• language/english/meaning/uk.us.confusionsWhat English words could be confusing or embarrassing because they mean different things in the UK and the US? New
• language/english/meaning/verb.complementsWhat English verb has the most possible complements? New
• language/english/meaning/adjectives.and.adverbs/false.comparativesWhat are the word records for false comparatives? New
• language/english/meaning/adjectives.and.adverbs/flat.ly.adjectiveWhat are the word records for flat -ly adjective (adjective in -ly that is not an adverb)? New
• language/english/meaning/adjectives.and.adverbs/lily.adverbWhat are the word records for -lily adverb (adverb from an adjective in -ly)? New
• language/english/meaning/adjectives.and.adverbs/postpositive.adjectiveWhat are the word records for postpositive adjective (always follows its noun)? New
• language/english/meaning/adjectives.and.adverbs/predicate.only.adjectiveWhat are the word records for predicate-only adjective (never stands next to its noun: ajar, asleep)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/accordion.wordWhat are the word records for accordion word (word whose sense widens or narrows with context)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/daffynitionWhat are the word records for daffynition (humorous redefinition by reparsing a word)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/different.meanings.or.sensesWhat are the word records for different meanings or senses, most? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/different.parts.of.speechWhat are the word records for different parts of speech, most? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/equivoqueWhat are the word records for equivoque (text read two ways by changing punctuation, line breaks or syntax), incl. New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/hyphen.dependent.meaningWhat are the word records for hyphen-dependent meaning (meaning changes when a hyphen is added)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/punWhat are the word records for pun (play on two meanings or on sound-alike words), incl. New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/tom.swiftyWhat are the word records for Tom Swifty (quotation whose adverb or verb puns on it)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/different.meanings.or.senses.most/janus.faced.wordWhat are the word records for Janus-faced word (one spelling parsed into different morphemes with unrelated... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/different.meanings.or.senses.most/telling.misprintWhat are the word records for telling misprint (typographical error that creates an unintended word or... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/different.parts.of.speech.most/anthimeriaWhat are the word records for anthimeria (proper or brand names turned into verbs, adjectives, adverbs)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/equivoque.incl.zeugma/multiple.switchWhat are the word records for multiple switch (phrase read two ways, with several words changing part of... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/equivoque.incl.zeugma/only.placement.sentenceWhat are the word records for only-placement sentence (inserting ONLY at each position gives a different... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/feghoot.or.fabled.phraseWhat are the word records for feghoot or fabled phrase (shaggy-dog story ending in a pun or spoonerism on a... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/knock.knock.jokeWhat are the word records for knock-knock joke (name or word answer reread as a sound-alike phrase)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/letter.conundrumWhat are the word records for letter conundrum (riddle on why a letter is like something, answered by a... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/logomotiveWhat are the word records for logomotive (famous name plus one word, forming a question that puns on the... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/nymbleWhat are the word records for nymble (absurd chain of reasoning linked by puns)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/punning.business.nameWhat are the word records for punning business name (shop name built on a pun)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/riddle.and.logoriddleWhat are the word records for riddle and logoriddle (question with a puzzling answer: conundrum = pun... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/state.abbreviation.punWhat are the word records for state-abbreviation pun (town name plus state abbreviation that reads as a... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/what.s.the.difference.riddleWhat are the word records for what's-the-difference riddle (two phrases told apart by a spoonerism,... New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/pun.incl.punning.headlines.and.bilingual/what.s.the.questionWhat are the word records for what's the question? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguity/tom.swifty/hermanWhat are the word records for herman (Tom Swifty whose pun is the speaker's name, not an adverb)? New
• language/english/meaning/ambiguous/ambiguous.sentencesWhat are some ambiguous sentences, which can be read in two quite different ways? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/circular.dictionary.definitionWhat are the word records for circular dictionary definition (definitions followed until they close on... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/snowclone.or.phrasal.templateWhat are the word records for snowclone or phrasal template (fixed formula with interchangeable slots)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/aptronymWhat are the word records for aptronym (name suited to its bearer), incl. New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/autological.wordWhat are the word records for autological word (has the property it names)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/definite.article.entryWhat are the word records for definite-article entry (dictionary headword beginning with a definite article)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/double.duty.wordWhat are the word records for double-duty word (one word naming both a nationality and an occupation)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/false.friendsWhat are the word records for false friends (spelled alike in two languages, different meanings)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/letter.pinpointing.wordWhat are the word records for letter-pinpointing word (its meaning designates one of its own letters)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/lexical.gap.or.unpaired.wordWhat are the word records for lexical gap or unpaired word (missing positive or missing derivative)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/name.punWhat are the word records for name pun (personal name that reads as a phrase)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/number.nounsWhat are the word records for number nouns? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/one.letter.wordsWhat are the word records for one letter words? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/overspecialized.wordWhat are the word records for overspecialized word (word with an improbably narrow meaning)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/self.applied.relation.wordWhat are the word records for self-applied relation word (word that is the X of the word X)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/taxicab.wordWhat are the word records for taxicab word (each part of a compound is a synonym of the whole)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/untranslatable.wordWhat are the word records for untranslatable word (concept other languages express in one word but English... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/entire.word/word.fugitive.or.snigletWhat are the word records for word fugitive or sniglet (coined for an unnamed concept)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/antonymic.parodyWhat are the word records for antonymic parody (each word replaced by its opposite)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/catalogue.label.textWhat are the word records for catalogue-label text (story threaded from the guide labels of encyclopedia... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/chiasmus.or.antimetaboleWhat are the word records for chiasmus or antimetabole (words repeated in reverse order)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/constrained.verse.formsWhat are the word records for constrained verse forms (double dactyl, drabble, combinatorial verse,... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/definitional.literatureWhat are the word records for definitional literature (text rewritten by replacing words with their... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/emotive.conjugationWhat are the word records for emotive conjugation (one trait named kindly for oneself and harshly for... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/exercises.in.styleWhat are the word records for exercises in style (one sentence in many constrained variants)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/first.letters.in.alphabetical.order.orWhat are the word records for first letters in alphabetical order or reverse alphabetical order? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/homosyntaxismWhat are the word records for homosyntaxism (the syntax of a passage kept as a template and filled with new... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/irish.bullWhat are the word records for Irish bull (ludicrous self-contradictory statement)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/jabberwocky.sentenceWhat are the word records for jabberwocky sentence (nonsense words in a grammatical frame)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/line.skip.readingWhat are the word records for line-skip reading (new text made by copying lines of a printed passage and... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/malaproverbWhat are the word records for malaproverb (proverb altered or spliced with another)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/n.7What are the word records for N+7 (every noun of a text replaced by the noun seven entries later in a... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/nested.clausesWhat are the word records for nested clauses, most? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/no.repeated.wordWhat are the word records for no repeated word? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/oronymWhat are the word records for oronym (shift word boundaries to form another phrase or sentence)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/part.of.speech.lipogramWhat are the word records for part-of-speech lipogram (no verbs, nouns or adjectives)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/permutable.sentenceWhat are the word records for permutable sentence (every ordering of its words is a sentence)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/rebusWhat are the word records for rebus (letters, numbers or positions read as words)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/repeated.wordsWhat are the word records for repeated words, most? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/rhopalism.or.snowball.or.increasing.orWhat are the word records for rhopalism or snowball or increasing or decreasing word length? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/self.referentialWhat are the word records for self-referential? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/sesquipedalian.paraphraseWhat are the word records for sesquipedalian paraphrase (proverb or nursery rhyme restated in pompous... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/spell.checked.textWhat are the word records for spell-checked text (nonsense or literary text rewritten by accepting a... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/stacked.terminal.prepositionsWhat are the word records for stacked terminal prepositions (sentence ending with a run of prepositions),... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/vocabularyclept.poetryWhat are the word records for vocabularyclept poetry (the words of one poem rearranged into another), and... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/sentences/word.order.reversalWhat are the word records for word-order reversal (reversing the words of a phrase gives another phrase)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/abecedarian.synonym.listWhat are the word records for abecedarian synonym list (a synonym of one concept for each letter A-Z)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/contradictory.proverbsWhat are the word records for contradictory proverbs (pairs of proverbs giving opposite advice)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/dictionary.adjacentsWhat are the word records for dictionary adjacents (consecutive headwords that read as a phrase)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/euphemismWhat are the word records for euphemism, incl. New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/irreversible.binomial.or.wedded.wordsWhat are the word records for irreversible binomial or wedded words (fixed word pairs joined by and)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/kangaroo.wordsWhat are the word records for kangaroo words? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/largest.synonym.groupWhat are the word records for largest synonym group (concept with the most standard-English synonyms)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/malapropismWhat are the word records for malapropism? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/mixed.metaphorWhat are the word records for mixed metaphor? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/oxymoronsWhat are the word records for oxymorons? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/pleonasmWhat are the word records for pleonasm (redundant phrase), incl. New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/pseudo.hybridWhat are the word records for pseudo-hybrid (animal name compounded of other animal names)? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/pseudo.obscene.textWhat are the word records for pseudo-obscene text (innocent words, often dialect, strung together to read... New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/synonym.chainsWhat are the word records for synonym chains? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/synonym.squaresWhat are the word records for synonym squares? New
• language/english/meaning/miscellaneous/word.lists/triadWhat are the word records for triad (three words in which every pair in order forms a phrase)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/anatomonymWhat are the word records for anatomonym (body-part noun also used as a verb)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/collective.noun.or.term.of.veneryWhat are the word records for collective noun or term of venery (name for a group: an exaltation of larks), incl. New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/demonymWhat are the word records for demonym (name for the inhabitants of a place), irregular and humorous... New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/s.change.wordWhat are the word records for S-change word (adding S gives a word of unrelated meaning)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/apparently.related.but.unrelated/ending.with.ate.and.itionWhat are the word records for ending with -ate and -ition? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/apparently.related.but.unrelated/misnomerWhat are the word records for misnomer (name contradicting the thing named)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/apparently.related.but.unrelated/pro.con.pairWhat are the word records for pro-/con- pair (words differing only by pro- and con-)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/collective.noun.or.term.of.venery/collective.verbWhat are the word records for collective verb (coined verb for what a group does, usually punning on con-)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/add.letters.to.beginning.to.makeWhat are the word records for add letters to beginning to make plural, example of? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/colliding.pluralsWhat are the word records for colliding plurals (words with homographic plurals), example of? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/double.or.false.pluralWhat are the word records for double or false plural (classical plural taken as singular and pluralized... New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/doubled.initial.abbreviation.pluralWhat are the word records for doubled-initial abbreviation plural (abbreviation made plural by doubling its... New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/drop.s.to.make.a.pluralWhat are the word records for drop s to make a plural? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/endingWhat are the word records for ending, for each letter? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/internalWhat are the word records for internal? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/lonely.singular.and.lonely.pluralWhat are the word records for lonely singular and lonely plural (noun with no plural form, or plural with... New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/mock.irregular.pluralWhat are the word records for mock irregular plural (regular nouns given irregular plurals by false analogy)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/mostWhat are the word records for most? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/no.letters.in.common.with.pluralWhat are the word records for no letters in common with plural, longest? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/plural.that.becomes.singular.by.addingWhat are the word records for plural that becomes singular by adding S? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/pseudo.pluralWhat are the word records for pseudo-plural (singular noun that looks like the plural of another)? New
• language/english/meaning/nouns/unusual.plurals/switching.first.two.letters.to.makeWhat are the word records for switching first two letters to make plural, example of? New
• language/english/meaning/pronouns/ratio.embedded.pronouns.to.length/highestWhat are the word records for highest? New
• language/english/meaning/pronouns/ratio.embedded.pronouns.to.length/highest.including.reversedWhat are the word records for highest including reversed? New
• language/english/meaning/pronouns/ratio.embedded.pronouns.to.length/highest.with.letters.anywhereWhat are the word records for highest with letters anywhere? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/anagramList some anagrams (transposals of a word, name or phrase into another with a closely related meaning). Added material
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/antonym.splitThe letters of GASOLINE can be rearranged to spell GAIN and LOSE, which are opposites. New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/contranymWhat words are their own antonym? Added material
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/double.synonymsWhat words have two different synonymous meanings? Added material
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/pseudantonymList some (near) synonyms that, in form, appear to be antonyms (e.g., "flammable" and "inflammable"). Added material
• language/english/meaning/synonyms/spearlikeAnagram SPEARLIKE ("of the kind befitting or characteristic of a spear") into two words of opposite meaning. New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/double.synonyms.or.words.with.twoWhat are the word records for double synonyms or words with two different synonymous meanings, shortest? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/one.letter.synonym.or.antonym.pairWhat are the word records for one-letter synonym or antonym pair (differ by one substituted, added or... New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/pseudantonymsWhat are the word records for pseudantonyms (synonyms that appear to be antonyms)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/rhyming.antonyms.and.synonymsWhat are the word records for rhyming antonyms and synonyms? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/self.synonymWhat are the word records for self-synonym (homographs of unrelated origin with about the same meaning)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/contranyms/contranymsWhat are the word records for contranyms, homophonic? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/contranyms/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/double.duty.antonyms/antonymsWhat are the word records for antonyms, most? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/double.duty.antonyms/for.each.letterWhat are the word records for for each letter? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/double.duty.antonyms/mean.wordWhat are the word records for mean word (word for the midpoint between two extreme opposites)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/double.duty.antonyms/mutually.antonymic.setWhat are the word records for mutually antonymic set (three or more words, each the antonym of every other)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/pseudantonyms/false.antonym.compound.pairWhat are the word records for false antonym compound pair (compounds of antonyms with unrelated meanings)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/rhyming.antonyms.and.synonyms/antonymic.coupletWhat are the word records for antonymic couplet (two adjective-noun phrases whose adjectives are antonyms... New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/anagramWhat are the word records for anagram (synomymous phrase containing the same letters), longest? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/antigramWhat are the word records for antigram (antonymous phrase containing the same letters), longest? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/antonym.pair.anagramWhat are the word records for antonym-pair anagram (two opposite words scrambled together into a word or... New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/antonymic.transformationWhat are the word records for antonymic transformation (beheadment, substitution or charade that yields an... New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/antonymous.reversalWhat are the word records for antonymous reversal (reversal pair with opposite meanings)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/definitive.palindromeWhat are the word records for definitive palindrome (a word plus its definition form a palindrome)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/homoantonymWhat are the word records for homoantonym (pair of words homophonous with a pair of antonyms)? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/meaningful.charadeWhat are the word records for meaningful charade (splits into words that describe it, or into synonyms or... New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/synonymous.beheadment.or.deletionWhat are the word records for synonymous beheadment or deletion? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/synonymous.reversalWhat are the word records for synonymous reversal, longest? New
• language/english/meaning/synonyms.and.antonyms/synonymic.and.antonymic.reversals.and.transposals/synonymous.transposalWhat are the word records for synonymous transposal, longest? New
• language/english/meaning/verbs/illusory.verb.formsWhat are the word records for illusory verb forms (unrelated words that mimic a verb's principal parts)? New
• language/english/meaning/verbs/tense.exchangeWhat are the word records for tense exchange (present and past of a verb in the same position of two words)? New
• language/english/meaning/verbs/unusual.past.tense/jocular.strong.past.tenseWhat are the word records for jocular strong past tense (humorous strong-verb past formed by analogy)? New
• language/english/meaning/verbs/unusual.past.tense/multiple.past.tense.chainWhat are the word records for multiple past tense chain (a verb's past tense is homophonous with the... New
• language/english/pronunciation/breakfastWhat is a word or phrase that starts with the name of each letter of the alphabet? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/capitalWhat words change pronunciation when capitalized (e.g., polish -> Polish)? Restored
• language/english/pronunciation/ce.as.shThe letters "ce" at the end of a word are usually pronounced like an s, as in race and dance. New
• language/english/pronunciation/chaosWhat poem shows off the chaos of English spelling and pronunciation? New
• language/english/pronunciation/context.pronunciationWhat is the name for a word that is pronounced differently in two different contexts, even though neither... New
• language/english/pronunciation/echo.verseGive some jokes or riddles whose answers are homophones of part of the question ("ecobursts", "echobursts"... New
• language/english/pronunciation/ghostWhat words sound like they contain letters that they do not? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/ladle.rat.rotten.hutRetell the story "Little Red Riding Hood" with every word replaced by a similar-sounding English word, so... New
• language/english/pronunciation/malapropList some malapropisms (the use of a word sounding somewhat like the one intended). Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/no.shared.phonemesFind two words that differ in spelling by only one letter but share no sounds (phonemes) at all. New
• language/english/pronunciation/oronymList some oronyms (phrases or sentences that can be read in two ways with the same sound). Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/punsWhere can I find a collection of puns? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/rhymeWhat one and two syllable English words are hard to rhyme? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/sch.pairsEach pair of clues is answered by a word or name starting with "sch" and a word that sounds like it with... New
• language/english/pronunciation/silent.mostWhat word has the most silent letters in a row? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/syllableWhat words have an exceptional number of letters per syllable? Added material
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/capitonymWhat are the word records for capitonym (word that changes pronunciation when capitalized)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/different.pronunciationsWhat are the word records for different pronunciations, most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/foolerWhat are the word records for fooler (same-root homograph pronounced differently in another inflection or... New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/pluralWhat are the word records for plural? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/stress.homographsWhat are the word records for stress homographs? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/capitonym/capitonym.sentence.pairWhat are the word records for capitonym sentence pair (parallel sentences using the same words first as... New
• language/english/pronunciation/homographs/different.pronunciations.most/homonym.heteronym.hybridWhat are the word records for homonym-heteronym hybrid (alike in sound in one syllable, and in spelling but... New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/confusing.code.wordsWhat are the word records for confusing code words? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/homophones.with.no.removable.prefix.orWhat are the word records for homophones with no removable prefix or suffix, longest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/longestWhat are the word records for longest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/longest.transposalWhat are the word records for longest transposal? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/longest.with.few.letters.in.commonWhat are the word records for longest with few letters in common? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/mostWhat are the word records for most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/most.letters.in.list.with.noWhat are the word records for most letters in list with no removable prefix or suffix? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/confusing.code.words/punetic.alphabetWhat are the word records for punetic alphabet (letter names read as puns)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/homophones/longest.transposal/matched.homophonesWhat are the word records for matched homophones (a homophone pair whose transposals are also homophones)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/birdsong.phraseWhat are the word records for birdsong phrase (bird call rendered as a human phrase)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/most.beautiful.and.ugliest.wordsWhat are the word records for most beautiful and ugliest words (words judged most euphonious or most... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/phonetic.lipogramWhat are the word records for phonetic lipogram (text avoiding a class of speech sounds, or using only... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/play.language.wordWhat are the word records for play-language word (word that becomes another word when put into a play... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/unspeakable.or.unwritable.sentenceWhat are the word records for unspeakable or unwritable sentence (meaningful only in writing, or only in... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/a.homophone.phraseWhat are the word records for a-homophone phrase (a + word + word whose parts sound alike)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/all.possible.diphthongsWhat are the word records for all possible diphthongs, shortest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/anguish.languishWhat are the word records for anguish languish (text rewritten in sound-alike words)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/aural.palindromeWhat are the word records for aural palindrome (sounds the same when the recording is played backwards)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/deceptive.proper.name.pronunciationWhat are the word records for deceptive proper-name pronunciation (place names and surnames pronounced far... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/definitive.homophoneWhat are the word records for definitive homophone (word or part sounds like a synonym)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/fractured.or.homophonic.translationWhat are the word records for fractured or homophonic translation? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/ghotiWhat are the word records for ghoti (respelling with letter groups from other words' pronunciations)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/gramogramsWhat are the word records for gramograms (words that sound like sequences of letters)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/high.contrast.spellingWhat are the word records for high-contrast spelling (same spelling, different sounds; different spellings,... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/homophone.sequenceWhat are the word records for homophone sequence (consecutive words all homophones), most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/homophonic.reversal.and.reverse.homophonic.charadeWhat are the word records for homophonic reversal and reverse homophonic charade (pieces read by sound in... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/interlingual.homophoneWhat are the word records for interlingual homophone? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/magic.e.pairWhat are the word records for magic-e pair (final E changes the vowel sound)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/mondegreenWhat are the word records for mondegreen (misheard phrase)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/nautonym.or.phonetic.tautonymWhat are the word records for nautonym or phonetic tautonym (word pronounced as a repeated sound sequence though not spelled as a tautonym), incl. New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/onomatopoeiaWhat are the word records for onomatopoeia, compared across languages? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/phonesthemeWhat are the word records for phonestheme (sound cluster associated with a meaning)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/phonetic.aeiou.wordWhat are the word records for phonetic AEIOU word (each long-vowel letter sound once)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/phonetic.reversal.or.phonetic.palindromeWhat are the word records for phonetic reversal or phonetic palindrome (sounds reversed give another word,... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/phonetic.spellings.identical.with.regular.spellingWhat are the word records for phonetic spellings identical with regular spelling, longest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/phonetic.vowel.rotationWhat are the word records for phonetic vowel rotation (one consonant frame with each vowel sound in turn)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/pig.latin.words.that.also.areWhat are the word records for pig latin words that also are words, longest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/pronunciation.longer.than.spellingWhat are the word records for pronunciation longer than spelling? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/spoonerismWhat are the word records for spoonerism (initial sounds of two words exchanged), incl. New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/stutteranceWhat are the word records for stutterance (sentence in which each unit of sound is immediately repeated:... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/tense.homophonesWhat are the word records for tense homophones (past tense next to a homophone of its present)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/tongue.twisterWhat are the word records for tongue twister? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/transatlantic.shibbolethWhat are the word records for transatlantic shibboleth (pronounced differently in British and American... New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/entire.word/variable.pronunciationWhat are the word records for variable pronunciation, most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/ghost.lettersWhat are the word records for ghost letters, for each letter? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/one.letterWhat are the word records for one letter, most phonemes? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/phonemeWhat are the word records for phoneme, variable spelling, most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/rules.for.pronouncing.g.violatedWhat are the word records for rules for pronouncing G violated? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/silent.lettersWhat are the word records for silent letters? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/suffixWhat are the word records for suffix, most variable pronunciation? New
• language/english/pronunciation/miscellaneous/subset.of.word/word.with.different.pronunciations.of.sameWhat are the word records for word with different pronunciations of same letter, for each letter? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/assonance.and.consonanceWhat are the word records for assonance and consonance (syllables alike in vowel only, or in consonants... New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/echo.verse.and.leonine.verseWhat are the word records for echo verse and leonine verse (line endings echoed as answers; middle of each... New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/rhyming.pair.proseWhat are the word records for rhyming-pair prose (prose whose words come in consecutive rhyming pairs)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/alliterationWhat are the word records for alliteration (successive words beginning with the same sound)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/amphisbaenic.rhymeWhat are the word records for amphisbaenic rhyme (backward rhyme)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/broken.rhymeWhat are the word records for broken rhyme (word split across a line break so that part of it rhymes)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/eye.rhyme.or.sight.rhymeWhat are the word records for eye rhyme or sight rhyme (endings spelled alike but pronounced differently), incl. New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/heyday.wordWhat are the word records for heyday word (compound whose parts rhyme by ear but not by eye)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/holorimeWhat are the word records for holorime (two lines that sound alike)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/longest.rhymeWhat are the word records for longest rhyme (rhyme spanning the most syllables: masculine, feminine, triple ... New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/monorhyme.verseWhat are the word records for monorhyme verse (every line rhymes on one sound)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/near.rhyme.or.rineWhat are the word records for near rhyme or rine (pair that almost rhymes)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/occupational.rhyming.trioWhat are the word records for occupational rhyming trio (rhyming catchphrase itemizing a trade: drill,... New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/refractory.rhymeWhat are the word records for refractory rhyme (word with no common rhyme), example of? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/rhyme.with.no.shared.lettersWhat are the word records for rhyme with no shared letters? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/rhyming.slangWhat are the word records for rhyming slang (word replaced by a phrase that rhymes with it, often cut short)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/rime.richeWhat are the word records for rime riche (rhyme words are homophones)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/stinky.pinky.or.hinky.pinkyWhat are the word records for stinky pinky or hinky pinky (rhyming two-word answer to a definition)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/entire.word/uniquely.rhyming.pairWhat are the word records for uniquely rhyming pair (word that has exactly one rhyme in English)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/rhyme/subset.of.word/endingsWhat are the word records for endings, most? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/stress.patternWhat are the word records for stress pattern (rhythm patterns of English words and their frequencies)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/add.letters.to.reduce.syllablesWhat are the word records for add letters to reduce syllables, shortest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/add.one.letter.to.add.twoWhat are the word records for add one letter to add two syllables, shortest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/change.one.letter.to.radically.changeWhat are the word records for change one letter to radically change pronunciation? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/isosyllabic.textWhat are the word records for isosyllabic text (words of one syllable count)? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/letters.to.syllables.ratioWhat are the word records for letters-to-syllables ratio (hypersyllabic and oligosyllabic words), highest... New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/longestWhat are the word records for longest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/no.known.pronunciationWhat are the word records for no known pronunciation, shortest? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/possible.english.monosyllablesWhat are the word records for possible English monosyllables (all permissible syllables, incl. New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/rhopalismWhat are the word records for rhopalism? New
• language/english/pronunciation/syllables/entire.word/shortestWhat are the word records for shortest, for each number of syllables? New
• language/english/sentences/clerihewsWhat is a clerihew, and what are some good examples? New
• language/english/sentences/garden.pathParse these well formed, grammatically correct English sentences: New
• language/english/sentences/hidden.animalsFind the animal hidden in each sentence. New
• language/english/sentences/obfuscated.proverbsIdentify these obfuscations of celebrated oracular utterances: New
• language/english/sentences/palindromesWhat are some long palindromes? Added material
• language/english/sentences/pangramA "pangram" is a sentence containing all 26 letters. Added material
• language/english/sentences/parts.of.speechWrite a sentence that uses each of the eight parts of speech (interjection, pronoun, verb, adverb,... New
• language/english/sentences/repeated.wordsWhat is a sentence with the same word several times repeated? Added material
• language/english/sentences/reversed.clichesCan anyone add to this list of cliches with word reversals to create clever sayings? New
• language/english/sentences/scrabble.tilesTell a story using exactly the 100 tiles of a Scrabble set (the two blanks may stand for any letters). New
• language/english/sentences/upside.down.palindromesFind a palindrome that is also unchanged when read upside down. New
• language/english/sentences/word.boundariesList some sentences that can be radically altered by changing word boundaries and punctuation. Added material
• language/english/sentences/self.ref/self.ref.lettersConstruct a true sentence of the form: "This sentence contains _ a's, _ b's, _ c's, ...," where the numbers... Added material
• language/english/sentences/self.ref/self.ref.sentencesWhat are some self-referential sentences? New
• language/english/spelling/adverb.endingsFor each letter of the alphabet, find an adverb that ends in that letter, preferably one that is not also... New
• language/english/spelling/airventIs "airvent" a valid English word? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.numbersIf the positive integers up to a million are ordered alphabetically (spelled out in English), at what... New
• language/english/spelling/ate.to.itionFind English verbs ending in -ATE whose related noun ends in -ITION (as "micturate" and "micturition"). New
• language/english/spelling/aunt.tillyAunt Tilly likes butter and jelly, but not peanuts or jam. New
• language/english/spelling/body.partsName 28 parts of the body which are spelled with 4 letters. New
• language/english/spelling/gryFind three completely different words ending in "gry." Added material
• language/english/spelling/hidden.ruleWhat are some puzzles, like Aunt Sally's Green Door, in which players must discover the hidden rule... New
• language/english/spelling/kstWhat 8-letter word has the letters KST in the middle, in the beginning, and at the end? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.countWhat are some exceptional isograms, polygrams, pyramid words, etc.? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.orderWhat words have letters in various unusual orders (alphabetical, etc.)? Restored
• language/english/spelling/lipogramsWhat books have been written without specific letters, vowels, etc.? Added material
• language/english/spelling/longestWhat is the longest word in the English language? Added material
• language/english/spelling/new.doorRearrange the letters of NEW DOOR to form one word. New
• language/english/spelling/number.setsSet A contains 0, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, ..., 20, 24, 25, ... New
• language/english/spelling/numeric.pangramWhat's special about the number 1,001,000,000,001,000,001,001,002,568? New
• language/english/spelling/rare.trigraphsWhat trigraphs (three-letter combinations) occur in only one word? Added material
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.wordsWhat are the word records for Relations to Other Words? New
• language/english/spelling/shion.endingFind three English words ending in "shion". New
• language/english/spelling/single.wordsWhat words have exceptional lengths, patterns, etc.? Added material
• language/english/spelling/statesWhat long words have all bigrams either a postal state code or its reverse? Restored
• language/english/spelling/ten.preceptsAn old inscription carved on the back of a pew fooled the congregation for many years. New
• language/english/spelling/twenty.nineWhat is unique about the number 29? New
• language/english/spelling/vowelsWhat words contain each vowel once, for each possible order? Added material
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/alphabetically.extreme.word.or.nameWhat are the word records for alphabetically extreme word or name (first or last entry of a dictionary or... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/friendly.alphabetWhat are the word records for friendly alphabet (alphabet order in which every block of n adjacent letters... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/alphabet.window.wordWhat are the word records for alphabet window word (letters from one block of n consecutive letters),... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/alphagram.rankWhat are the word records for alphagram rank (first, last and midpoint words among the sorted letter sets... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/alternating.odd.and.even.lettersWhat are the word records for alternating odd and even letters (alternate between odd and even alphabet... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/ambidextrous.wordWhat are the word records for ambidextrous word (first half from A-M, second half from N-Z; antidextrous... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/balance.pointsWhat are the word records for balance points? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/base.26.wordsWhat are the word records for base 26 words? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/constant.step.wordWhat are the word records for constant-step word (each letter a fixed number of places after the last,... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/difference.pairWhat are the word records for difference pair (subtracting adjacent letters forms another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/digital.wordWhat are the word records for digital word (letters replaced by their alphabetical positions as decimal... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/equidistant.wordWhat are the word records for equidistant word (nth letter same distance from A as nth letter from end is... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/forwards.and.backwards.wordWhat are the word records for forwards-and-backwards word (letters rise alphabetically to a peak, then fall)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/frame.wordWhat are the word records for frame word (outermost letter pairs alternate up and down the alphabet,... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/half.and.half.wordWhat are the word records for half-and-half word (letters split equally under several bipartitions of the... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/inwordWhat are the word records for inword (letters fall alphabetically between successive letter pairs of... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/last.in.reverse.alphabetical.orderWhat are the word records for last in reverse alphabetical order, for each letter? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letter.length.wordWhat are the word records for letter-length word (n-letter word beginning or ending with the nth letter),... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letter.productWhat are the word records for letter product (multiply together positions of letters in alphabet)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letter.shift.pairWhat are the word records for letter-shift pair (shift letters to new letters in the alphabet to form... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letter.sum.of.equal.sized.piecesWhat are the word records for letter sum of equal-sized pieces equal? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letter.sumsWhat are the word records for letter sums (add together positions of letters in alphabet)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letters.in.alphabetical.orderWhat are the word records for letters in alphabetical order? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letters.in.order.minus.notWhat are the word records for letters in order minus not, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letters.in.reverse.alphabetical.orderWhat are the word records for letters in reverse alphabetical order? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/letters.restricted.to.mathematical.sequencesWhat are the word records for letters restricted to mathematical sequences? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/lipogramWhat are the word records for lipogram (word missing certain letters)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/non.vicinal.wordWhat are the word records for non-vicinal word (no two letters alphabet neighbours), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/number.namesWhat are the word records for number names? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/roller.coasterWhat are the word records for roller-coaster (word with letters that alternate between going forward and... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/scrambled.alphabetWhat are the word records for scrambled alphabet (letter order chosen to maximize alphabetical-order words)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/sum.pairWhat are the word records for sum pair (adding adjacent letters forms another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/total.disorderWhat are the word records for total disorder (no letter in its alphabetic place), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/vicinalWhat are the word records for vicinal (each letter has an alphabetic neighbor in the word), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/entire.word/word.weaveWhat are the word records for word weave (letters in odd and in even positions each in alphabetical order),... New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/subset.of.word/alphabetic.bigram.wordWhat are the word records for alphabetic bigram word (made of two-letter units of alphabet neighbours)? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/subset.of.word/consecutive.letters.in.alphabetWhat are the word records for consecutive letters in alphabet? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/subset.of.word/last.letter.next.in.alphabet.afterWhat are the word records for last letter next in alphabet after first letter? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/subset.of.word/letters.in.alphabetical.place.or.alphabetWhat are the word records for letters in alphabetical place or alphabet crashes? New
• language/english/spelling/alphabetical.order/subset.of.word/scrambled.alphabetic.runWhat are the word records for scrambled alphabetic run (permutation of consecutive alphabet letters), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/entire.word/all.consonantsWhat are the word records for all consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/biconsonantWhat are the word records for biconsonant, for each, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/consonant.stringWhat are the word records for consonant string, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.five.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing five consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.five.types.of.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing five types of consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.four.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing four consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.four.types.of.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing four types of consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.one.consonantWhat are the word records for containing one consonant, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.three.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing three consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.three.types.of.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing three types of consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.two.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing two consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/containing.two.types.of.consonantsWhat are the word records for containing two types of consonants, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/monoconsonant.or.containing.one.type.ofWhat are the word records for monoconsonant or containing one type of consonant? New
• language/english/spelling/consonants/subset.of.word/n.gramsWhat are the word records for n-grams? New
• language/english/spelling/frequency.order/entire.word/etaoin.shrdlu.wordWhat are the word records for etaoin shrdlu word (spelled only with the 12 most frequent letters ETAOINSHRDLU), incl. New
• language/english/spelling/frequency.order/entire.word/lipogramWhat are the word records for lipogram? New
• language/english/spelling/frequency.order/entire.word/sumwordWhat are the word records for sumword (word converted to the sum of the frequency of its letters per... New
• language/english/spelling/frequency.order/subset.of.word/rare.lettersWhat are the word records for rare letters? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/alternating.letter.heightsWhat are the word records for alternating letter heights (letters alternate with ascenders or descenders),... New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/calculator.wordWhat are the word records for calculator word (number that reads as a word on an upside-down calculator),... New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/diagonal.stroke.wordWhat are the word records for diagonal-stroke word (spelled with AKMNVWXYZ), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/euler.path.wordWhat are the word records for Euler-path word (every letter drawable in one stroke), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/interlingual.homoglyphWhat are the word records for interlingual homoglyph (letter string that reads as a word in two scripts)? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/internally.capitalized.wordWhat are the word records for internally capitalized word (capital letter inside a word), for each letter? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/kamchatka.wordWhat are the word records for kamchatka word (spelled only with capitals shared by the Latin and Cyrillic... New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/letter.lengthWhat are the word records for letter length (total stroke length in an idealized font), longest and shortest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/narrowest.word.in.printWhat are the word records for narrowest word in print, for each length? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/rn.m.confusion.pairWhat are the word records for rn/m confusion pair (words alike in print because rn resembles m)? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/rotation.or.reflection.symmetryWhat are the word records for rotation or reflection symmetry? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/same.headshot.or.footprintWhat are the word records for same headshot or footprint (words whose letter tops, or letter bottoms, look... New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/same.in.both.casesWhat are the word records for same in both cases (spelled with cosuvwxz), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/spelled.with.letters.with.ascenders.bdfhijkltWhat are the word records for spelled with letters with ascenders = bdfhijklt, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/spelled.with.letters.with.descenders.gjpqyWhat are the word records for spelled with letters with descenders = gjpqy, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/spelled.with.short.lowercase.letters.acemnorsuvwxzWhat are the word records for spelled with short lowercase letters = acemnorsuvwxz, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/spelled.with.tall.lowercase.letters.bdfghijklpqtyWhat are the word records for spelled with tall lowercase letters = bdfghijklpqty, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/straight.line.or.curved.wordWhat are the word records for straight-line or curved word (spelled with capitals of straight strokes only,... New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/stroke.countWhat are the word records for stroke count (letters valued by pen strokes)? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/typographic.wordplayWhat are the word records for typographic wordplay (word or text drawn to show its meaning)? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/entire.word/unusual.punctuationWhat are the word records for unusual punctuation? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/subset.of.word/consecutive.dotted.lettersWhat are the word records for consecutive dotted letters, most? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/subset.of.word/ratio.dotted.to.undotted.lettersWhat are the word records for ratio dotted to undotted letters, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/subset.of.word/ratio.letters.with.ascenders.to.thoseWhat are the word records for ratio letters with ascenders to those without, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.appearance/subset.of.word/ratio.letters.with.descenders.to.thoseWhat are the word records for ratio letters with descenders to those without, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/consonantsWhat are some words containing consonants in unusual ways? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/letter.dimensionWhat are some words containing all narrow, tall, short, etc. Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/lipogramWhat are some exceptional lipograms? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/morseWhat are some words that have unusual properties in Morse code? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/puzzle.wordWhat are some words formed from chemical symbols, state abbreviations, etc.? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.choices/typewriterWhat are some words that are typed in unusual ways? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.pattern/entire.wordWhat are some exceptional palindromes, tautonyms, head'n'tail words? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letter.pattern/equidistant.wordsAn equidistant word is one in which the first and last, second and second to last, third and third to last, etc. New
• language/english/spelling/letter.pattern/subset.of.wordWhat are some exceptional words containing doubled and repeated letters, etc.? Restored
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/geogramWhat are the word records for geogram (word spelled with two-letter ISO internet country codes), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/spelled.with.greek.letter.namesWhat are the word records for spelled with Greek letter names? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/dartboard.wordWhat are the word records for dartboard word (numbers on adjacent dartboard sectors read as letters spell a... New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/greek.letter.name.transposalWhat are the word records for Greek letter-name transposal (letters rearrange into the names of two Greek... New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/isosephyWhat are the word records for isosephy? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/monthsWhat are the word records for months, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/morse.codeWhat are the word records for Morse code? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.amino.acid.abbreviationsWhat are the word records for spelled with amino acid abbreviations, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.chemical.symbolsWhat are the word records for spelled with chemical symbols, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.chess.notation.lettersWhat are the word records for spelled with chess-notation letters (KQRBNP the only consonants), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.overlapping.amino.acid.abbreviationsWhat are the word records for spelled with overlapping amino acid abbreviations, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.overlapping.chemical.symbolsWhat are the word records for spelled with overlapping chemical symbols, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.overlapping.two.letter.uWhat are the word records for spelled with overlapping two-letter U.S. New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.piano.notesWhat are the word records for spelled with piano notes, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.roman.numeralsWhat are the word records for spelled with Roman numerals, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.two.letter.u.sWhat are the word records for spelled with two-letter U.S. New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/spelled.with.vitamin.lettersWhat are the word records for spelled with vitamin letters (ABCDEFGHJKLP), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/telephone.keypadWhat are the word records for Telephone keypad? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/entire.word/zodiacal.signsWhat are the word records for zodiacal signs, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/subset.of.word/romantic.wordWhat are the word records for romantic word (contains a well-formed Roman numeral as a subsequence), for... New
• language/english/spelling/letters.selected.from.given.set/subset.of.word/telephone.keypadWhat are the word records for Telephone keypad? New
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/ate.itionFind a verb ending in "ate" whose associated noun is obtained by replacing the "ate" with "ition." Is... New
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/deletionWhat exceptional words turn into other words by deletion of letters? Added material
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/er.estFind words that form other words when both -r (or -er) and -st (or -est) are added, e.g. New
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/er.reversedIn general, a [blank]er is someone who [blank]s. New
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/s.s.wordsWhat words besides EXINES can take an S at the beginning and end, but only both together? New
• language/english/spelling/operations.on.words/transpositionWhat exceptional words turn into other words by transposition of letters? Added material
• language/english/spelling/plurals/drop.sDrop an "s" and singular becomes plural, feminine becomes masculine. Restored
• language/english/spelling/plurals/frenchWhat English word, when spelled backwards, is its French plural? Restored
• language/english/spelling/plurals/plural.of.pluralWhat word has a plural that itself takes a plural (a "pluralses")? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/acrosticWhat are the word records for acrostic (initial letters of lines spell a word), incl. New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/boustrophedon.textWhat are the word records for boustrophedon text (alternate lines written backwards)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/cryptarithmetic.word.setsWhat are the word records for cryptarithmetic word sets? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/embedded.string.storyWhat are the word records for embedded-string story (narrative crammed with words containing a given letter... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/every.word.shares.a.featureWhat are the word records for every word shares a feature (same bigram, trigram, doubled letter or vowel... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/fixed.length.textWhat are the word records for fixed-length text (every word has the same number of letters)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/homoliteral.and.heteroliteral.textWhat are the word records for homoliteral and heteroliteral text (successive words always, or never, share... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/kruskal.countWhat are the word records for Kruskal count (counting on by word lengths, every start converges on the same... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/letter.subsequence.messageWhat are the word records for letter-subsequence message (messages spelled by lighting subsets of a fixed... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/overlapping.wordsWhat are the word records for overlapping words? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/pangramWhat are the word records for pangram (list of words containing all the letters of the alphabet)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/pilishWhat are the word records for pilish (successive word lengths give the digits of pi)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/positional.word.listWhat are the word records for positional word list (word with each letter A-Z at the centre, both flanking... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/shortest.common.supersequenceWhat are the word records for shortest common supersequence (shortest string containing every word of a... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/shrinking.wordsWhat are the word records for shrinking words (each word a subsequence of the one before)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/stutterWhat are the word records for stutter (one letter group repeated several times across word boundaries:... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/subtransposal.listWhat are the word records for subtransposal list, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/tautogramWhat are the word records for tautogram (every word begins with the same letter)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/word.girdersWhat are the word records for word girders, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/word.groupsWhat are the word records for word groups? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/word.squaresWhat are the word records for word squares? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/wordcycleWhat are the word records for wordcycle (a word written over and over and re-divided into a sentence)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/bi.logogramWhat are the word records for bi-logogram (word whose letters can be regrouped and/or reversed to form... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/deletionWhat are the word records for deletion? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/deletion.and.insertionWhat are the word records for deletion and insertion? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/insertionWhat are the word records for insertion? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/letter.bankWhat are the word records for letter bank (words formed from letters selected from a set)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/logogramWhat are the word records for logogram (word whose letters can be regrouped to form smaller words), longest... New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/movementWhat are the word records for movement? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/reversal.pairWhat are the word records for reversal pair (reverse the letters in a word to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/substitutionWhat are the word records for substitution? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/transadditionWhat are the word records for transaddition (add one letter and rearrange to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/transdeletionWhat are the word records for transdeletion (delete one letter and rearrange to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/transpositionWhat are the word records for transposition (rearrange letters to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/transubstitutionWhat are the word records for transubstitution (substitute one letter and rearrange to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/entire.word/words.within.wordsWhat are the word records for words within words? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/subset.of.word/complete.permutationsWhat are the word records for complete permutations? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/subset.of.word/compound.parts.of.speechWhat are the word records for compound parts-of-speech? New
• language/english/spelling/relations.to.other.words/subset.of.word/gamesWhat are the word records for games? New
• language/english/spelling/sets.of.words/garble.groupsDesign a combination lock with *letters* instead of digits, with the added restriction that each... New
• language/english/spelling/sets.of.words/ladderFind the shortest word ladders stretching between the following pairs: hit - ace pig - sty four - five play... Added material
• language/english/spelling/sets.of.words/noncrashingFind as large a set as possible of six-letter words, no two of which have the same letter in the same... New
• language/english/spelling/sets.of.words/squaresWhat are some exceptional word squares (square crosswords with no blanks)? Added material
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/head.n.tail.wordWhat are the word records for head 'n' tail word (word formed by repeating a sequence of letters with one... New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/isomorph.or.matching.letter.patternWhat are the word records for isomorph or matching letter pattern (words that repeat letters in the same... New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/number.of.different.lettersWhat are the word records for number of different letters? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/palindromeWhat are the word records for palindrome (same word when letters are reversed)? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/sesquipedalian.wordWhat are the word records for sesquipedalian word (long word), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/spelling.graphsWhat are the word records for spelling graphs (draw line from letter to letter looping back for repeated... New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/start.and.endWhat are the word records for start and end (starting and ending letters of word are identical)? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/switch.wordWhat are the word records for switch word (letters like train cars can be switched to a siding), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/entire.word/tautonymWhat are the word records for tautonym (word formed by repeating a sequence of letters)? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/all.letter.orders.in.wordWhat are the word records for all letter orders in word? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/alternatingWhat are the word records for alternating? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/bigrams.or.digramsWhat are the word records for bigrams or digrams? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/ending.gryWhat are the word records for ending -gry? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/identical.lettersWhat are the word records for identical letters? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/internal.structureWhat are the word records for internal structure? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/repeated.lettersWhat are the word records for repeated letters, most? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/repeated.prefixWhat are the word records for repeated prefix, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/tetragram.setsWhat are the word records for tetragram sets, all 23751 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/trigramsWhat are the word records for trigrams, all 17576 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/structure/subset.of.word/unusual.spellingWhat are the word records for unusual spelling? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/clustered.qwertyWhat are the word records for clustered qwerty (first half typed by one hand, second half by the other)? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/finger.count.wordWhat are the word records for finger-count word (each letter typed by the nth finger occurs n times)? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/mirror.hand.wordWhat are the word records for mirror-hand word (each letter typed with the matching finger and row of the... New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/one.row.or.one.hand.textWhat are the word records for one-row or one-hand text? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/other.keyboard.layoutsWhat are the word records for other keyboard layouts (row and hand words on AZERTY, QWERTZ, Dvorak and... New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.in.left.to.right.typewriterWhat are the word records for spelled in left-to-right typewriter order, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.in.right.to.left.typewriterWhat are the word records for spelled in right-to-left typewriter order, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.adjacent.keys.on.typewriterWhat are the word records for spelled with adjacent keys on typewriter, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.alternating.hands.on.typewriterWhat are the word records for spelled with alternating hands on typewriter, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.keys.in.groupsWhat are the word records for spelled with keys in groups, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.letters.from.typewriter.bottomWhat are the word records for spelled with letters from typewriter bottom row, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.letters.from.typewriter.middleWhat are the word records for spelled with letters from typewriter middle row, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.letters.from.typewriter.topWhat are the word records for spelled with letters from typewriter top row, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.one.finger.on.typewriterWhat are the word records for spelled with one finger on typewriter? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.typewriter.letters.from.leftWhat are the word records for spelled with typewriter letters from left hand, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/spelled.with.typewriter.letters.from.rightWhat are the word records for spelled with typewriter letters from right hand, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/typewriter.row.lipogramWhat are the word records for typewriter-row lipogram (word using no letter from one keyboard row), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/entire.word/typewriter.shiftwordWhat are the word records for typewriter shiftword (shift hand position on typewriter to form another word)? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/subset.of.word/spelled.using.all.typewriter.fingersWhat are the word records for spelled using all typewriter fingers, shortest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/subset.of.word/spelled.using.all.typewriter.fingers.inWhat are the word records for spelled using all typewriter fingers in order, shortest? New
• language/english/spelling/typewriter.order/subset.of.word/spelled.using.all.typewriter.fingers.in.2What are the word records for spelled using all typewriter fingers in reverse order, shortest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/alternating.vowel.consonantWhat are the word records for alternating vowel/consonant? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/consonants.minus.vowelsWhat are the word records for consonants minus vowels, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/consonymWhat are the word records for consonym (words with same consonant pattern), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/consonym.listWhat are the word records for consonym list, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/dual.wordsWhat are the word records for dual words (every vowel of one word faces a consonant of the other)? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/eight.letterWhat are the word records for eight letter? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/near.alternating.wordWhat are the word records for near-alternating word (never more than two vowels or two consonants in a row)? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/no.matching.vowel.patternWhat are the word records for no matching vowel pattern, shortest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/ratio.consonants.to.vowelsWhat are the word records for ratio consonants to vowels, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/ratio.vowels.to.consonantsWhat are the word records for ratio vowels to consonants, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/seven.letterWhat are the word records for seven letter, all 128 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/vowel.bookended.wordWhat are the word records for vowel-bookended word (vowel at each end, only consonants between), longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/vowel.consonant.palindrome.or.tautonymWhat are the word records for vowel-consonant palindrome or tautonym (vowel-consonant pattern reads the... New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/vowel.consonant.patterns.of.nine.lettersWhat are the word records for vowel-consonant patterns of nine letters, all 512 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/vowels.minus.consonantsWhat are the word records for vowels minus consonants, highest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/well.mixed.consonymsWhat are the word records for well-mixed consonyms, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/well.mixed.words.with.same.consonantWhat are the word records for well-mixed words with same consonant-vowel pattern, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowel.consonant.patterns/entire.word/words.with.the.same.consonantsWhat are the word records for words with the same consonants? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/minimum.spanning.letter.setWhat are the word records for minimum spanning letter set (smallest set of letters present in every word of... New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/all.vowel.hawaiian.wordsWhat are the word records for all-vowel Hawaiian words? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/all.vowelsWhat are the word records for all vowels, longest? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/no.vowelsWhat English words have no vowels? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/palindromic.or.tautonymic.vowel.sequenceWhat are the word records for palindromic or tautonymic vowel sequence (the vowels alone read the same... New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/reversed.vowel.pairWhat are the word records for reversed-vowel pair (two words whose vowel sequences are reversals)? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/entire.word/three.letter.wordsWhat are the word records for three letter words, all 216 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/all.120.possible.ordersWhat are the word records for all 120 possible orders? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/all.five.vowels.as.one.consecutiveWhat are the word records for all five vowels as one consecutive block? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/each.onceWhat are the word records for each once? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/each.once.in.orderWhat are the word records for each once in order? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/restricted.numbers.of.vowelsWhat are the word records for restricted numbers of vowels? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/restricted.vowel.typesWhat are the word records for restricted vowel types? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/tetragramsWhat are the word records for tetragrams, all 625 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/trigramsWhat are the word records for trigrams, all 216 possible? New
• language/english/spelling/vowels/subset.of.word/vowel.stringWhat are the word records for vowel string, longest? New
• language/finnish/finnish.pluralWhat Finnish word is the anagram of its plural? Restored
• language/finnish/finnish.recordWhat are some Finnish words with unusual properties? Added material
• language/french/english.french.sentencesWhat is the longest reasonable sentence in English that is also a sentence in French? New
• language/french/french.palindromesList some French palindromes. Added material
• language/german/german.palindromesList some German palindromes. Added material
• language/german/german.recordWhat are some German words with unusual properties? Added material
• language/german/longest.wordWhat is the longest word in German? New
• language/italian/italian.recordWhat are some Italian words with unusual properties? Added material
• language/spanish/spanish.palindromesWhat are some palindromes in Spanish (and Galician and Catalan)? New
• language/swedish/swedish.recordWhat are some Swedish words with unusual properties? Added material
• logic/29Three people check into a hotel. Added material
• logic/aha.puzzlesWhat are some "aha!"-type puzzles, puzzles whose simple solutions are not obvious? New
• logic/answered.not.solvedWhat puzzles can be *answered* without being completely *solved*, e.g. New
• logic/axiom.of.choiceExactly which parts of mathematics would have to be discarded if we threw out the axiom of choice? New
• logic/axiom.of.determinacyIf an arithmetical statement is proved using the Axiom of Determinacy (AD), what must one believe about AD... New
• logic/chainWhat is the least number of links you can cut in a chain of 21 links to be able to give someone all... Added material
• logic/crossing.wiresCross the wires without crossing the wires: fill the black box with some quantity of NAND gates. New
• logic/crossover[ Editor: What is the minimum number of two-input NAND gates needed to build a crossover circuit, which... New
• logic/eat.or.sleepAfter three days without food you die on the spot, and after three days without sleep you die on the spot. New
• logic/faulty.chipsA professor has n VLSI chips that can be placed on a test bed 2 at a time, where they test each other. New
• logic/finite.axiomatizabilityWhat is the finite axiomatizability theorem of Kleene, Craig and Vaught called, and where was it published? New
• logic/five.coinsYou have three large and two small coins, placed in a row as OxOxO (O large, x small). New
• logic/flipHow can a toss be called over the phone (without requiring trust)? Added material
• logic/four.envelopesFour envelopes show 7, A, 2 and H; which must you turn over to test the rule "If the envelope has an A on... New
• logic/gas.stationsGas stations on a circular road hold, in total, just enough gas for one lap. New
• logic/goodsteinDo Goodstein sequences grow faster than Ackermann's function? New
• logic/guess.number.one.lieI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 2000. New
• logic/guess.the.numberA teacher thinks of a number between 1 and 15 and three students guess, each time being told "high" or... New
• logic/hats.and.coatsA man has three hats, one red, one white, and one black. New
• logic/heads.pilesTold only how many coins in a stack show heads, how can a man, without looking, split the stack into two... New
• logic/hempel.ravensIf seeing a black raven confirms "all ravens are black", then seeing a white shoe confirms "all non-black... New
• logic/hundredThere is a piece of paper with 100 sentences written on: " 1. Added material
• logic/kinshipBrothers and sisters have I none, but that man's father is my father's son. Added material
• logic/latinoSolve this Latino puzzle: fill a 6x6 grid with the numbers 1 to 6 so that each row and column contains one... New
• logic/laura.ageToday is January 1. New
• logic/leadoff.batterThe leadoff batter of a baseball team came up to bat in all nine innings. New
• logic/leadoff.hitterIf the leadoff hitter in the lineup of the visiting team comes up to bat in every inning of a nine-inning... New
• logic/liars.surveyThere are 123 tenants living in an apartment building. New
• logic/lost.in.woodsYou are lost in the forest with eight campers, two of whom sometimes lie; how do you find the one path of... New
• logic/lunch.specialsThe following conversation between Bob and Jack in a Chinese restaurant was overheard: New
• logic/meeting.trainsGranny Smith, who was leaving London, boarded a train at four minutes past the hour. New
• logic/mermaidsFrom these nine statements, what, if anything, can we conclude about the connection between seeing a... New
• logic/mirror.and.tableYou are in a room. New
• logic/mu.puzzleCan you turn MI into MU using the following rules? New
• logic/murder.houseSix people were in a house when a murder was committed in the second bedroom; from their statements, two of... New
• logic/natural.independenceWhich "natural" mathematical statements are known to be independent of the axioms of arithmetic, in the sense of Goedel's theorem? New
• logic/net.book.riddlesSolve the riddles of the net.book.riddles, a 1992-93 collection compiled by Mark Manning from e-mail and... New
• logic/numberMr. S. and Mr. P. Added material
• logic/oil.jarsA merchant was going to market carrying in his cart twelve big clay jars filled with vegetable oil. New
• logic/peano.arithmeticIf Peano Arithmetic cannot prove some true statements about the numbers, is that a defect of PA, and why do... New
• logic/petals.around.the.roseIn the dice game "Petals Around the Rose", what rule gives the answer for each roll of six dice? New
• logic/phone.number.questionA girl says, "I'm 12 plus half my age," and "I can't give you my phone number, but I'll answer yes or no to... New
• logic/pleasant.journeyMy pleasant journey commences when I briefly meet a familiar character marking a pitch in front of a wooden strip. New
• logic/priest.and.ladiesIn the village church, said the priest to the parish clerk: - It is funny to see that those three ladies... New
• logic/pyjamasIf I wear my nightcap, I do not wear the slippers. New
• logic/riddleWho makes it, has no need of it. Added material
• logic/sand.timersHow can you time cooking a sauce for exactly 9 minutes using only a 4-minute sand timer and a 7-minute sand... New
• logic/self.refFind a number ABCDEFGHIJ such that A is the count of how many 0's are in the number, B is the number of... Added material
• logic/self.ref.aptitude.testCan you find the unique solution to Jim Propp's twenty-question Self-Referential Aptitude Test? New
• logic/self.ref.quizCan you score 100% on this ten-question Self-Referential Quiz, and can you prove in a few words why there... New
• logic/self.ref.testThere is exactly one solution to the following [ Editor: self-referential multiple-choice ] test. New
• logic/self.reproducing.programProve that a program that prints its own source can be written in any programming language whose output... New
• logic/set.theoryWhat are the primitive notions of the standard axiomatizations of set theory (ZF, Goedel-Bernays, Quine's... New
• logic/sheep.on.passThree sheep facing right and three facing left meet on a narrow mountain pass with one empty space between... New
• logic/simple.puzzlesWhat bird comes from an egg, but doesn't lay eggs? New
• logic/situation.puzzles"A man lies dead in a room with fifty-three bicycles in front of him. Added material
• logic/situation.puzzles.outtakesThe following puzzles have been removed from my situation puzzles list, or never made it onto the list in the first place. Restored
• logic/suitors.hatsA king must choose among four suitors for his daughter's hand, and he wants the most astute of them. New
• logic/supertasksYou have an empty urn, and an infinite number of labeled balls. Added material
• logic/three.casksYou have three casks holding 19, 13 and 7 units. New
• logic/train.shuntingAn engine kept at a depot must exchange two cars: car A at station A and car B at station B, on a track... New
• logic/transoceanic.cableYou laid a transoceanic cable. New
• logic/trick.questionsWhat are some trick questions that seem to pose a hard or impossible question but have a simple answer... New
• logic/tricky.questionsHow many birthdays does the average man have? New
• logic/tulip.bulbsHow can you plant three unidentifiable tulip bulbs (blue, white, red) so that the flowers are sure to show... New
• logic/twelve.and.fifteenOne day in 1980, Jim said, "The day before yesterday I was twelve. New
• logic/twin.birthdaysKerry celebrated her birthday. New
• logic/two.armiesTwo parties who can communicate only by unreliable messages must agree that a transaction (such as an... New
• logic/two.black.pebblesA maiden must draw one of two pebbles from a bag, said to be one white and one black, to win her freedom... New
• logic/two.eggsYou live in a 36-story apartment building, and have access to a window on each floor. New
• logic/two.generalsTwo generals must attack together, but can communicate only by messengers who may be lost; how can they... New
• logic/verse.riddlesSolve these riddles, arranged from simple to difficult. New
• logic/wrong.labelsThree candle boxes are labeled "white", "red", and "white and red." All three labels are incorrect. Added material
• logic/zebraThere are five houses, each of a different color and inhabited by men of different nationalities, with... New
• logic/invariants/infected.checkerboardShow that fewer than N black cells can never turn a whole NxN grid black when each cell with at least 2... New
• logic/invariants/odd.handshakesn people (n >= 2) attend a party, and each person shakes hands with some of the others. New
• logic/smullyan/cannot.tellA knight always tells the truth, and a knave always lies. New
• logic/smullyan/electionA Meta-Puzzle: who was the Mathematician, who the Philosopher, who was Normal, and in what order did they... New
• logic/smullyan/equivocatorOn the way to Heaven you meet a person who sometimes tells the truth and sometimes lies. New
• logic/smullyan/fork.three.menThree men stand at a fork in the road. Added material
• logic/smullyan/fork.two.menTwo men stand at a fork in the road. Added material
• logic/smullyan/kings.daughterOn an island of knights (who always tell the truth), knaves (who always lie) and normals (who may do... New
• logic/smullyan/liars.et.alOf a group of n men, some always lie, some never lie, and the rest sometimes lie. Restored
• logic/smullyan/marry.non.normalYou wish to marry the daughter of the king of the Island of Knights, Knaves, and Normals. New
• logic/smullyan/priestIn a small town there are N married couples in which one of the pair has committed adultery. Added material
• logic/smullyan/stampsThe moderator takes a set of 8 stamps, 4 red and 4 green, known to the logicians, and loosely affixes two... Added material
• logic/smullyan/three.menOf three men, one always lies, only never lies, and one sometimes lies. Restored
• logic/smullyan/two.fifths.truthfulOn a certain island, everyone is either a truth-teller or a liar. New
• logic/weighing/easter.eggsYou are presented with six chocolate Easter eggs of which you are to choose three. New
• logic/weighing/good.coinYou have 11 coins, fewer than half of them bogus, and a balance scale; can you find for sure a good coin in... New
• logic/weighing/postage.scaleWith a postage scale that compares a load against a whole number of ounces, how many weighings find which... New
• logic/weighing/rank.fiveHow many weighings with a beam balance are required to rank five different weights from lightest to heaviest? New
• logic/weighing/scale.five.sacksYou have 5 sacks of gold and a normal scale (one that gives a total weight, like a bathroom scale, not a pan balance). New
• logic/weighing/six.cubesYou are given 6 cubes (A, B, C, D, E and F). New
• logic/weighing/ten.coins.two.weightsYou have 10 coins; maybe they all weigh the same, maybe they don't. New
• logic/weighing/uneven.armsYou have a balance scale, with one arm twice the length of the other. New
• magic/hook.and.rubber.bandHow does the "impossible" tube puzzle work in which a hook-piece, pushed into a tube that has a rubber band... New
• magic/snapping.gameIn the Snapping Game, player 1 is told a name by a spectator and communicates it to player 2 by snapping... New
• magic/trip.gameSomeone thinks of a famous person and tells player 1, but not player 2. New
• magic/card/alternating.colorsHow must a deck of red and black cards be ordered so that, dealing the top card face up and putting the... New
• magic/card/guess.1.of.5There are two magicians, A and B. Added material
• oracle/triviaWhat is the fifth tallest mountain in Africa? New
• physics/actual.infinityGive one valid counter-example to "everything is finite": a piece of evidence that the infinite is actually... New
• physics/airplane.liftIs Bernoulli's principle the explanation of how an airplane wing generates lift? New
• physics/barometerHow would you find out the height of a building using a barometer? New
• physics/bicycle.balanceWhen you ride your bike at constant velocity (say 5 m/s) you tend to keep your balance far easier than when... New
• physics/black.boxA black box with three terminals contains three equal resistors of unknown value, connected either as a delta or as a wye. New
• physics/bomb.testerSome bombs are good and some are duds; a good bomb has a sensor that sets it off if a single photon hits it. New
• physics/bubblesIn a universe with the same physical laws, but which is mostly water with little bubbles in it, do the... Added material
• physics/charges.on.sphereEight equally charged particles repel each other inside a sphere and come to rest; what figure do they form? New
• physics/coriolisHow large is the Coriolis effect on water flowing down a sink drain, and on an artillery shell? New
• physics/delta.wyeHow can you tell whether sealed black boxes contain three identical resistors connected in Delta or in Wye? New
• physics/doughnutDoes the inner dimension of an iron doughnut increase or [Editor: "of" in the original] decrease when the... New
• physics/duffing.equationWhat exactly is Duffing's equation, and how does the strange attractor associated with it emerge? New
• physics/ehrenfest.paradoxA rigid disk spinning near the speed of light has its rim Lorentz contracted but not its radius; is the... New
• physics/electron.driftHow fast do electrons travel through a wire, and if they are slow, why does the light come on almost the... New
• physics/electrons.on.sphereHow should 8 electrons be placed on a sphere to minimize their energy? New
• physics/fall.into.sunSuppose the Earth suddenly stopped in its orbit. New
• physics/faucetSomeone didn't leave the faucet turned off all the way, so there is a slow but steady leak (i.e. New
• physics/feynman.sprinklerAn S-shaped lawn sprinkler spins one way when water is pumped out of it. New
• physics/floating.cubeIn what position does a floating wooden cube come to rest: flat on a face, on an edge, or with a corner up? New
• physics/fly.and.trainA fly flying towards an oncoming steam train hits its front and is carried along with it. New
• physics/fly.in.bottleA fly is trapped in a bottle which in turn is in a bucket of water. New
• physics/free.fall.throwYou are falling from 1000 feet holding a 30 lb child. New
• physics/gold.and.leadA thief swaps an 18 ounce gold bar for an 18 ounce lead weight on a pressure plate, and the alarm goes off. New
• physics/hair.dryerIf you block the air-inlet for a hair-dryer, the tone of the motor of that hair-dryer seems to rise ... New
• physics/hat.in.riverThe Harvard bridge and the Longfellow bridge are 1 mile apart. New
• physics/heated.ringA metal ring is heated. New
• physics/heavy.electronAn electron is accelerated so close to the speed of light that its (relativistic) mass is 1 kilogram. New
• physics/inclined.treadmillA motorcycle rides on a flat treadmill moving at 40 mph, so that it stays stationary relative to an observer beside it. New
• physics/isotopes.heaviestWhat is the heaviest isotope? New
• physics/juggling.bridgeA woman who weighs 100 lb carries two gold balls, 10 lb each. New
• physics/left.right.aliensExplain which direction is left, and which direction is right, to an English-speaking alien from Alpha... New
• physics/milk.and.coffeeYou are just served a hot cup of coffee and want it to be as hot as possible later. Added material
• physics/mirrorWhy does a mirror appear to invert the left-right directions, but not up-down? Added material
• physics/monkeyHanging over a pulley there is a rope, with a weight at one end. Added material
• physics/n.switchesWire n switches, a power source and a lamp so that switching any one of the switches changes the state of... New
• physics/pigeonsA 1000-kg truck carrying 500 kg of live pigeons in a sealed cargo compartment pulls up to a weighing... New
• physics/primary.colorsWhy are red, yellow and blue the primary colours for paint, but red, green and blue for light, and how does... New
• physics/resistorsWhat is the resistance between various pairs of vertices on a lattice of unit resistors in the shape of a 1. Added material
• physics/return.currentWhy does the return current in the ground plane of a circuit board follow the path directly beneath the... New
• physics/sailA sailor is in a sailboat on a river. Added material
• physics/small.mirrorLooking in a small mirror, do you actually see a larger portion of your face when you hold the mirror farther away? New
• physics/spherical.cavityIf all space is filled with rock except a spherical cavity, what is the effect of gravity inside the cavity? New
• physics/spinning.universeI am sitting on a swivel-stool and I push myself so that I start spinning around, and I get dizzy. New
• physics/submerged.balloonA balloon filled with air is completely submerged under water, a weight attached to it. New
• physics/thermal.inversionHow can heat exchange alone (no mixing) bring cold blue water at 1 degree up to 99 degrees using an equal... New
• physics/three.way.switchesHow can three three-way switches (single-pole, double-throw) be wired so that each of them can switch a... New
• physics/time.travel.paradoxIf you went back in time to before you were born to kill your parents, what would happen? New
• physics/train.backwardWhat part of a train is always moving in the opposite direction relative to the rest of the train? New
• physics/train.wheelsThe left and right wheels on a train car are welded to the axle to make one solid wheel-axle-wheel combination. New
• physics/two.boxes.two.lampsHere's a puzzle that requires a slight knowledge of electronics, and some verbal skills: New
• physics/yotHow do you get the silver dollar out of the yot, a metal puzzle that looks like a top with a silver dollar... New
• pickover/pickover.15Title: Cliff Puzzle 15: Cherries in Wine Glasses From: cliff@watson.ibm.com Added material
• pickover/pickover.16Title: Cliff Puzzle 16: Undulating Squares From: cliff@watson.ibm.com Added material
• pickover/pickover.22Are there factorions (numbers equal to the sum of the factorials of their digits) larger than 40,585? New
• probability/acute.triangleWhat are the odds for a random triangle to have only acute angles? New
• probability/base.rateAn AIDS test shows the right result 99% of the time. New
• probability/bus.packsI often shop downtown in the afternoon, leave at a random time, and take the bus home. New
• probability/cabA cab was involved in a hit and run accident at night. Added material
• probability/cancellationA semi popular system to beat the roulette table is called the cancellation system. New
• probability/chip.gameSue and Bob are playing a game in which Sue starts with A chips, Bob starts with B chips, and they play... New
• probability/chutes.and.laddersWhat is the expected number of moves it takes a single player to win Chutes and Ladders? New
• probability/coprimeWhat's the probability that two positive integers chosen at random will be coprime? New
• probability/couponThere is a free gift in my breakfast cereal. Added material
• probability/derangement12 men leave their hats with the hat check. Added material
• probability/dice.totalsLet f[n,s](x) be the probability of rolling the total x on n fair s-sided dice. New
• probability/disease.testA rare dread disease strikes one out of a million people at random. New
• probability/distinct.digitsWhat is the expected number of different digits in a random 9-digit string, such as a U.S. New
• probability/dna.matchThe probability that an innocent man would match the DNA found at a crime scene is about one in a million. New
• probability/fair.gameIn this coin game between A and B, who is favored? New
• probability/fly.on.clockA fly lands on the face of a clock whose minute hand extends to the edge of the face and whose hour hand is... New
• probability/four.ballsYou have four balls in a bag. New
• probability/friday.13thWhat is the chance of a Friday being the 13th of the month? New
• probability/gold.coins.drawersWe have three drawers with coins in them, and we know which drawers have which coins: New
• probability/hit.targetCharlie hits the target 80 times in 100 shots. New
• probability/knight.returnA knight starts on square A1 of a chessboard and makes random moves (each legal move equally likely) until it is again on A1. New
• probability/lost.in.planeA starship lost 100 light-millennia from Sol knows only its distance from Sol, not the direction; jumping... New
• probability/lottery.consecutiveIn a lottery drawing 6 numbers from 1 to 50, what is the probability that the drawing contains at least one... New
• probability/marble.gameYou start with a box holding one black and one white marble, and sample twice with replacement. New
• probability/martingaleIn roulette, if you begin by betting one dollar on red, then double your bet if you lose, and double again... Added material
• probability/menagesYou have a dinner-party, with a big, round table in the center of the room. New
• probability/nearest.neighborYou are one of many birds arranged at random along an infinitely long telephone wire. New
• probability/nesting.cupsA two year old has 8 plastic cups of different sizes that can be put inside each other. New
• probability/nine.black.marblesI have a bag that initially held 10 marbles. New
• probability/no.two.meetN people agree to meet between 2:00 and 3:00 P.M. New
• probability/normal.tailHow can one calculate the probability of large random deviates (Z scores), such as 15 sigma from the expected mean? New
• probability/oldest.girlYou meet a stranger on the street, and ask how many children he has. Added material
• probability/ones.in.windowIn a linear string of N elements, each element independently takes the value 1 with probability p and 0 with probability 1-p. New
• probability/pebbles.in.pondYou throw N pebbles into a round pond, uniformly distributed. New
• probability/phone.numbersMy sister was assigned a new 7-digit phone number that differs from mine only in the first and last digits. New
• probability/pi.ninesWhat is the probability that the decimal expansion of pi contains a sequence of exactly one million nines... New
• probability/prefix.overlapConsider an alphabetized list of words which has been compressed by replacing the characters repeated... New
• probability/random.chordA long straw is tossed at random onto a circle; given that it falls so that it intersects the circle, what... New
• probability/random.polygon.centerPoints are chosen uniformly at random on a circle until their convex hull contains the center. New
• probability/randomness.vs.chaosCan one tell true randomness apart from the output of a deterministic (chaotic) system? New
• probability/rouletteYou are in a game of Russian roulette, but this time the gun (a 6 shooter revolver) has three bullets... Added material
• probability/same.color.halfA bag holds white and black marbles, with 10 more white than black. New
• probability/sex.ratioIs the sex of a baby a fair coin toss, independent from one birth to the next, or can some parents be more... New
• probability/shooting.roomYou are led into a room where everyone will be shot if two dice come up double sixes, but a sign says at... New
• probability/singular.binary.matrixWhat is the probability that a randomly written n x n binary matrix (all elements 1 or 0) is singular? New
• probability/sock.drawerFrom a pile of 25 different pairs of socks, how many socks must you pull out on average before you get a... New
• probability/t.distributionGiven a value t of Student's t statistic, is there an approximation or a fairly straightforward way to... New
• probability/taxisYou are looking for a taxi in a town where all taxis are individually numbered 1,2,3,... New
• probability/tennis.meetingN players are entered in a singles tennis tournament. New
• probability/tennis.serveYou hear on the radio that your favorite tennis player won her latest match 6-4 6-4 without ever having her serve broken. New
• probability/tetragonsPick 4 random points A, B, C, D in a plane (in a rectangle, say) and draw the tetragon A-B-C-D-A. New
• probability/three.boxesThree boxes each contain two coins: two gold (gg), two silver (ss), and one silver, one gold (sg). New
• probability/three.sided.coinIf you toss a coin, it rarely lands on its edge. New
• probability/two.cuts.yield.triangleIf a line is cut in two independent random places, what are the odds that the pieces can form a triangle? Added material
• probability/two.wins.in.a.rowTo win a prize you must win two games of chess in a row out of three, alternating between a strong player... New
• probability/up.down.sequenceAssume all random numbers come from the uniform distribution on the unit interval. New
• probability/wine.labelsYou are given 9 unlabeled bottles of wine, all different, and the 9 labels that belong on them, but you don't know which is which. New
• probability/wrong.seat100 passengers board a plane with 100 seats; the first, a crazy old lady, takes a wrong seat, and each... New
• probability/birthday/same.dayHow many people must be at a party before you have even odds or better of two having the same bithday (not... Added material
• probability/birthday/ubuIn the town of Ubu (population 365), leap years, weekends, and all traditional holidays have been abolished by mayoral edict. New
• probability/card/die.shuffleA dealer shuffles six cards, numbered 1 to 6 in order, by rolling a die six times: on the i-th roll, the... New
• probability/card/glimpsed.aceA slightly less-than-honest bridge player (south) caught a glimpse of a card dealt to her opponent on the... New
• probability/card/guess.suitFrom a standard (52-card, well-shuffled) deck of cards, the player is dealt seven cards, face down. New
• probability/card/more.acesGiven that a bridge hand contains an ace, or given that it contains the ace of spades, in which case are... Added material
• probability/card/poker.handsFrom a 52 card deck it is possible to deal 2,598,960 different five-card poker hands. New
• probability/card/red.aceA bridge player glimpses a red ace in West's hand; West then leads the ace of diamonds. New
• probability/card/shuffling.algorithmWhat is wrong with this card shuffling algorithm, and how can a bridge deal be stored in 12 bytes so that... New
• probability/card/two.of.each.suitIf a standard 52-card pack is dealt out at random to four players, what is the probability that each player... New
• probability/flips/arbitrary.probabilityUsing only the toss of a fair coin, devise an experiment whose probability of success is 1/3. New
• probability/flips/at.least.y.in.a.rowIf the probability of an individual event occurring (heads on a coin, 3 on a die, an error in a received... New
• probability/flips/gamblers.ruinTom has 2 quarters and Jerry 3; they flip fairly, loser paying winner a quarter, until one is broke. New
• probability/flips/optimal.unfair.coinWhich unfair coin best simulates a fair coin, when you know p? New
• probability/flips/reflected.sequenceTwo players alternately flip coins into a row; the first player wins as soon as the whole row is a reflected sequence (a palindrome). New
• probability/flips/unfairGenerate even odds from an unfair coin. Added material
• probability/flips/unfair.three.choicesFind 'p' for an unfair coin [Editor: "as above" in the original], so that the coin can be used to choose... New
• probability/flips/waiting.timeCompute the expected waiting time for a sequence of coin flips, or the probabilty that one sequence of coin... Added material
• real-life/balance.nailsYou are given a small block of wood with a nail hammered partially into it, and 6 more nails of the same size. New
• real-life/brightest.time"See my clock, Dad? New
• real-life/corkHow do you get a cork out of a wine bottle without a corkscrew? New
• real-life/five.times.a.yearI did something recently that I do *exactly* 5 times a year, every year. New
• real-life/ice.traysA friend of mine turns some of the ice trays in his freezer upside-down when he goes on vacation. New
• real-life/painted.linesWhy would white lines be painted on the streets at manholes, and why would it be done in November? New
• real-life/three.switchesA lightbulb is turned on by one of three switches, but you cannot see the bulb from the switches. Added material
• real-life/timing.traffic.lightHow long was the red light, if you had no clock with a second hand but could work it out later at home? New
• real-life/tunnel.crashHere is a puzzle that may save your life someday. New
• references/flexagonsWhere can I find technical information on hexaflexagons and other flexagons? New
• references/magazinesWhat magazines and journals contain puzzles? Added material
• references/mailing.listsWhat e-mail mailing lists on recreational mathematics and puzzles are there? New
• references/mechanical.puzzlesWhere can I buy mechanical puzzles (burrs, wire puzzles, interlocking puzzles), and which ones are worth... New
• references/online.referencesWhat dictionaries, thesauri and other reference works can a puzzle solver search on line? New
• references/organizationsWhat organizations exist for puzzle lovers? Added material
• references/polyformsWhere can I find polyomino, polyhex, polyiamond and other polyform puzzles (arranging a fixed set of shapes... New
• references/productsWhere can I buy puzzles and puzzle games or software? New
• references/puzzle.classificationHow can puzzles and games be classified? New
• references/rec.puzzles.faqWhich puzzles are asked most often on rec.puzzles, and what should one do before posting a puzzle there? New
• references/web.sitesWhat World Wide Web sites have puzzles? New
• references/books/bloopersWhat are some errors made in puzzle books? Added material
• references/books/calculus.problem.solvingWhat are some good books on calculus and on mathematical problem solving? New
• references/books/chess.bibliographyIs there a bibliography of mathematical chess problems, retrograde analysis and other unusual chess puzzles? New
• references/books/continued.fractionsWhat are some good books on continued fractions? New
• references/books/crossword.historyWhat books tell the history of the crossword puzzle? New
• references/books/geometryWhat are some good books on geometry for the recreational reader? New
• references/books/logic.bibliographyWhat are some good books on logic and set theory? New
• references/books/markov.chainsWhat books and papers describe "real-world" applications of Markov chains? New
• references/books/math.booksWhat are some good introductory books on number theory, combinatorics and algebra? New
• references/books/number.theoryWhat are some good introductory books on number theory, combinatorics and algebra? New
• references/books/sparse.matricesWhat are good references for sparse-matrix methods? New
• references/books/waveletsWhat are good references for learning wavelet theory? New
• references/software/crossword.printingIs there a PostScript program that prints a crossword puzzle diagram, with automatic numbering, from a... New
• references/software/logic.gridWhat software is there for constructing or solving logic puzzles of the kind that come with a grid to aid... New
• references/software/scrabble.move.serverIs there a network server that plays Scrabble-like word games against programs, for word-game programmers... New
• references/software/word.search[ Editor: What software is there for making word search puzzles? New
• series/decimal.hex.reversalComplete the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 53, 371, ... New
• series/doubled.digitsWhat's the next number? New
• series/factorial.towersFind the next number in this series: New
• series/lcd.displayWhat is the next symbol in the following sequence? New
• series/lcd.patternsWhat pattern comes next in this sequence of four patterns? New
• series/led.segmentsWhat would the next symbol in this series look like? New
• series/letter.count.convergenceCan anyone spot the logic behind this sequence? New
• series/number.name.lengthsWhat number comes next? New
• series/paper.sizesFind the missing number: New
• series/polygonsWhat is next in this series? New
• series/race.distancesIdentify this very simple number series. New
• series/reduced.fractionsWhat is this sequence? New
• series/roman.numeral.lettersWhich of the words avail, oval, valid, mail continues the sequence dig, minim, militia, sieve, ave? New
• series/series.00How can I find the next number in this series? Added material
• series/series.071, 1 1, 2 1, 1 2 1 1, ... Added material
• series/seven.nine.eightFill in the blank: New
• series/subway.stopsWhat is the missing term and what does the series represent? New
• series/titan.sequencesDetermine X in each of the following sequences (two from the Titan test, which appeared in Omni magazine,... New
• series/united.states.letters1. What letter comes next in this sequence? New
• series/word.lengthsAnd what are the next two numbers in this sequence? New
• treasure/BealeWhat are the Beale ciphers? Added material
• treasure/alchemyWhat was the treasure hunt in _Alchemy_, the illustrated book by Graeme Whittle, and was it solved? New
• treasure/amaranthWhat is the solution to _The Amaranth_? New
• treasure/conundrumWhat is the solution to _Conundrum_ by Don Shaw? New
• treasure/egyptian.jukeboxHow do you solve the drawers in _The Egyptian Jukebox_ by Nick Bantock? New
• treasure/golden.keyWhat became of "The Golden Key", Don Shaw's 1982 treasure-hunt book? New
• treasure/helium.dreamWhat is the solution to _Helium Dream and the Lost Heart_ by Dan James? New
• treasure/henry.hookWhere was the phone number hidden in Henry Hook's trivia challenge book? New
• treasure/key.to.the.kingdomWhat is the solution to _The Key to the Kingdom_ by Tony Meeuwissen? New
• treasure/lost.railway.engineWere the answers to the armchair treasure hunt "Search for the Lost Railway Engine" by Steve and Pauline... New
• treasure/masqueradeWhat is the solution to _Masquerade_ by Kit Williams? Added material
• treasure/mazeWhat is the solution to _Maze_ by Christopher Manson? Added material
• treasure/rubyWhat was the hidden registration number of the car in the treasure-hunt book _Ruby_? New
• treasure/treasureWhat is the solution to _Treasure_ by Dr. Added material
• treasure/treasure.biblioList books on treasure hunting or that contain armchair treasure hunts. Added material
• treasure/treasure.questWhat was the answer to Treasure Quest, the 1996 computer game from Sirius Publishing that offered a $1... New
• trivia/area.codesWhen looking at a map of the distribution of telephone area codes for North America, it appears that they are randomly distributed. Added material
• trivia/basketball.jerseysWhy do you never see numbers with a digit greater than 5 on basketball players' jerseys? New
• trivia/blue.moonWhat is a "blue moon," and where does the phrase "once in a blue moon" come from? New
• trivia/coincidenceName some amazing coincidences. Added material
• trivia/college.teamsWhich college teams (basketball or football) have team names that do not end with an "s"? New
• trivia/disconnected.statesWhich U.S. states are completely disconnected, so that some part of the state cannot be reached without... New
• trivia/easter.dateHow is the date of Easter calculated, and might the method change after 2001? New
• trivia/eskimo.snowHow many words do the Eskimo have for snow? Added material
• trivia/extreme.states1. Which state (in the United States of America) is the Southern most state? New
• trivia/fact.or.fictionPopular trivia - fact or fiction? New
• trivia/first.baseCan you name the 8 different ways that a major league baseball player can find himself safe at first base... New
• trivia/groupsEach question lists some members of a group and some things that are NOT members of it. New
• trivia/jokes.collection[ Editor: A collection of jokes, humorous lists and parodies from a 1997 web page, "Joeks, Jokes, Jokes!"... New
• trivia/jokes.self-referentialWhat are some self-referential jokes? Added material
• trivia/leap.secondsHow many extra (leap) seconds have we found it needful to put in over the years? New
• trivia/left.handedWhat do the following people have in common? New
• trivia/memory.tricksWhat's 3 + 7? What's 4 + 6? Added material
• trivia/misnomersHow many gallons does a ten-gallon hat hold? New
• trivia/most.common.city.nameWhat is the most common city name (in the United States)? New
• trivia/mr.nobodyWho is the funny little man, as quiet as a mouse, who does the mischief that is done in everybody's house? New
• trivia/name.stringsWho can come up with the best name string, a chain of names in which each person's surname is the next... New
• trivia/no.birthdayA certain person lived for many years to a ripe old age, but [ Editor: ". New
• trivia/nugry.treasuryWhat is in the Nugrys' Treasury of Puzzles, the rec.puzzles parody of its own most frequently asked questions? New
• trivia/one.border.countriesName a country that borders exactly one other country, disregarding water borders. New
• trivia/peace.signHow was the peace sign (an upside-down Y inside a circle) created, and by whom? New
• trivia/people.ever.livedHow many people have ever lived? New
• trivia/punctuated.place.namesName a place whose name cannot be written with letters and hyphens only. New
• trivia/quarterback.ratingCan anyone tell me what this formula represents? New
• trivia/rec.puzzles.humorWhat are some examples of the humour found in rec.puzzles threads? New
• trivia/roman.clockWhy do so many Roman-numeral clock faces use "IIII" for 4 rather than "IV"? New
• trivia/shaggy.dogWhat is a shaggy dog story, and what are some examples? New
• trivia/stonehengeAre there any interesting mathematical things one can say about Stonehenge? New
• trivia/twenty.four.hoursWhy are there 24 hours in a day, and 60 minutes in an hour and 60 seconds in a minute? New
• trivia/vostok.call.signsThe following are the last five entries in a list relating to travel / exploration. New
• trivia/winners.backwardsWhat games or sporting events can you name where the winners are going backwards? New
• trivia/three.letters/transportName ten common, non-slang three-letter words for vehicles. Added material